怎样实现身份证校验脚本

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">身份证校验脚本 (国家标准 GB/T 2260-2007)</title>
    <style>
        * {
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
        body {
            font-family: 'Segoe UI', Roboto, system-ui, sans-serif;
            background: linear-gradient(145deg, #f5f7fc 0%, #e9ecf3 100%);
            min-height: 100vh;
            margin: 0;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            padding: 20px;
        }
        .card {
            background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
            backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
            border-radius: 36px;
            box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0, 10, 30, 0.12), 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);
            padding: 32px 28px;
            width: 100%;
            max-width: 560px;
            transition: all 0.2s ease;
            border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
        }
        h2 {
            font-weight: 600;
            font-size: 1.8rem;
            margin-top: 0.1rem;
            margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
            color: #1a2639;
            letter-spacing: -0.02em;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 8px;
        }
        .subhead {
            color: #4a5a72;
            margin-top: -4px;
            margin-bottom: 28px;
            font-weight: 400;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            border-left: 3px solid #2b7be4;
            padding-left: 14px;
            background: rgba(43, 123, 228, 0.04);
            border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
        }
        .input-group {
            display: flex;
            gap: 12px;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        .input-wrapper {
            flex: 1;
            min-width: 200px;
        }
        .input-wrapper input {
            width: 100%;
            padding: 14px 18px;
            border-radius: 60px;
            border: 1px solid #d0d9e6;
            background: white;
            font-size: 1rem;
            transition: 0.2s;
            box-shadow: inset 0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);
            font-weight: 500;
            letter-spacing: 1px;
        }
        .input-wrapper input:focus {
            outline: none;
            border-color: #2b7be4;
            box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(43, 123, 228, 0.2);
        }
        .input-wrapper input::placeholder {
            color: #a6b3c9;
            font-weight: 400;
            letter-spacing: 0;
        }
        button {
            background: #1a2639;
            border: none;
            color: white;
            font-weight: 600;
            padding: 14px 28px;
            border-radius: 60px;
            font-size: 1rem;
            cursor: pointer;
            transition: 0.2s;
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            gap: 8px;
            white-space: nowrap;
            box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(26, 38, 57, 0.15);
            border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
            letter-spacing: 0.3px;
            flex-shrink: 0;
        }
        button:hover {
            background: #2b3b55;
            transform: scale(0.98);
            box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
        }
        button:active {
            background: #0f1827;
            transform: scale(0.96);
        }
        .result-area {
            background: white;
            border-radius: 24px;
            padding: 18px 22px;
            margin: 20px 0 14px;
            min-height: 80px;
            border: 1px solid #eef2f8;
            box-shadow: inset 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);
            word-break: break-word;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
        }
        .result-area .label {
            color: #5a6f8c;
            font-size: 0.75rem;
            text-transform: uppercase;
            letter-spacing: 0.5px;
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            display: flex;
            gap: 12px;
            align-items: baseline;
        }
        .result-area .label span {
            background: #eef2f8;
            padding: 2px 12px;
            border-radius: 40px;
            font-size: 0.7rem;
            color: #2b3b55;
        }
        .result-content {
            font-size: 1.1rem;
            color: #1a2639;
            line-height: 1.5;
        }
        .result-content .valid {
            color: #1e7e34;
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        .result-content .invalid {
            color: #b13e3e;
            font-weight: 600;
        }
        .detail-stack {
            margin-top: 6px;
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            color: #345;
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            gap: 4px;
        }
        .detail-stack span {
            background: #f2f5fa;
            padding: 2px 12px 2px 8px;
            border-radius: 30px;
            display: inline-block;
            width: fit-content;
        }
        .example-area {
            margin-top: 18px;
            display: flex;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
            gap: 10px 16px;
            font-size: 0.8rem;
            color: #5a6f8c;
            border-top: 1px solid #dce2ed;
            padding-top: 16px;
        }
        .example-area span {
            cursor: pointer;
            background: #ecf0f7;
            padding: 4px 14px;
            border-radius: 40px;
            transition: 0.1s;
            font-family: 'SF Mono', 'Fira Code', monospace;
            letter-spacing: 0.2px;
            font-weight: 500;
        }
        .example-area span:hover {
            background: #d3dcec;
            color: #0f1827;
        }
        .example-area .ex-label {
            background: transparent;
            padding: 4px 0;
            cursor: default;
            font-weight: 400;
            color: #4a5a72;
        }
        .footer-note {
            margin-top: 12px;
            font-size: 0.7rem;
            color: #6b7d99;
            text-align: right;
            opacity: 0.7;
        }
        @media (max-width: 480px) {
            .card { padding: 24px 18px; }
            button { width: 100%; }
            .input-group { flex-direction: column; }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="card">
    <h2>🆔 身份证校验</h2>
    <div class="subhead">依据 GB/T 2260-2007 · 18位校验码</div>
    <div class="input-group">
        <div class="input-wrapper">
            <input type="text" id="idInput" placeholder="输入 18 位身份证号" maxlength="18" autocomplete="off" value="11010519491231002X">
        </div>
        <button id="checkBtn">🔍 校验</button>
    </div>
    <div class="result-area" id="resultBox">
        <div class="label">
            📋 校验结果
            <span id="statusBadge">就绪</span>
        </div>
        <div class="result-content" id="resultContent">
            点击「校验」或按回车
        </div>
        <div class="detail-stack" id="detailStack"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="example-area">
        <span class="ex-label">⚡ 快速填入</span>
        <span data-example="11010519491231002X">11010519491231002X</span>
        <span data-example="440308199901104076">440308199901104076</span>
        <span data-example="123456789012345678">123456789012345678</span>
    </div>
    <div class="footer-note">支持大小写X · 实时校验</div>
</div>
<script>
    (function() {
        // ----- 核心校验函数 (严格遵循国家标准) -----
        function validateIdCard(id) {
            // 统一转为大写
            const raw = id.trim().toUpperCase();
            const result = {
                valid: false,
                raw: raw,
                reason: '',
                // 额外信息
                areaCode: '',
                birthDate: '',
                gender: '',
                checkDigit: '',
                expectedCheck: ''
            };
            // 1. 基本长度与格式 (18位, 前17位数字, 第18位数字或X)
            if (raw.length !== 18) {
                result.reason = '长度必须为18位';
                return result;
            }
            const regex = /^[0-9]{17}[0-9X]$/;
            if (!regex.test(raw)) {
                result.reason = '格式错误：前17位需为数字，第18位为数字或X';
                return result;
            }
            // 2. 加权因子与校验码表
            const weights = [7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2];
            const checkCodes = ['1', '0', 'X', '9', '8', '7', '6', '5', '4', '3', '2'];
            let sum = 0;
            for (let i = 0; i < 17; i++) {
                const digit = parseInt(raw[i], 10);
                if (isNaN(digit)) {
                    result.reason = '前17位包含非数字字符';
                    return result;
                }
                sum += digit * weights[i];
            }
            const remainder = sum % 11;
            const expectedCheck = checkCodes[remainder];
            const actualCheck = raw[17];
            result.checkDigit = actualCheck;
            result.expectedCheck = expectedCheck;
            // 校验码不匹配
            if (actualCheck !== expectedCheck) {
                result.reason = `校验码错误：期望 ${expectedCheck}，实际 ${actualCheck}`;
                return result;
            }
            // 3. 校验出生日期 (第7-14位)
            const birthStr = raw.substring(6, 14);
            const year = parseInt(birthStr.substring(0, 4), 10);
            const month = parseInt(birthStr.substring(4, 6), 10);
            const day = parseInt(birthStr.substring(6, 8), 10);
            const date = new Date(year, month - 1, day);
            const isValidDate = (
                date.getFullYear() === year &&
                date.getMonth() === month - 1 &&
                date.getDate() === day &&
                year >= 1800 && year <= 2100 // 合理范围
            );
            if (!isValidDate) {
                result.reason = `出生日期无效：${birthStr.substring(0,4)}-${birthStr.substring(4,6)}-${birthStr.substring(6,8)}`;
                return result;
            }
            // 额外：地区代码简单检查 (前6位为数字，不深入校验)
            const areaCode = raw.substring(0, 6);
            result.areaCode = areaCode;
            // 出生日期占位
            result.birthDate = `${year}-${String(month).padStart(2,'0')}-${String(day).padStart(2,'0')}`;
            // 性别 (第17位, 索引16)
            const genderDigit = parseInt(raw[16], 10);
            result.gender = (genderDigit % 2 === 0) ? '女' : '男';
            // 所有校验通过
            result.valid = true;
            result.reason = '✅ 合法的身份证号码';
            return result;
        }
        // ----- DOM 元素 -----
        const inputEl = document.getElementById('idInput');
        const checkBtn = document.getElementById('checkBtn');
        const resultContent = document.getElementById('resultContent');
        const detailStack = document.getElementById('detailStack');
        const statusBadge = document.getElementById('statusBadge');
        // 快速填入示例
        document.querySelectorAll('[data-example]').forEach(el => {
            el.addEventListener('click', function() {
                inputEl.value = this.dataset.example;
                // 自动触发校验
                performValidation();
            });
        });
        // 执行校验 & 渲染
        function performValidation() {
            const id = inputEl.value;
            const res = validateIdCard(id);
            // 更新 badge
            statusBadge.textContent = res.valid ? '有效' : '无效';
            statusBadge.style.background = res.valid ? '#d4edda' : '#f8d7da';
            statusBadge.style.color = res.valid ? '#155724' : '#721c24';
            statusBadge.style.padding = '2px 14px';
            statusBadge.style.borderRadius = '40px';
            // 更新主结果
            if (res.raw === '') {
                resultContent.innerHTML = '⚠️ 请输入身份证号码';
                detailStack.innerHTML = '';
                return;
            }
            if (res.valid) {
                resultContent.innerHTML = `<span class="valid">✔ 校验通过</span>  ·  ${res.raw}`;
                // 详细信息
                detailStack.innerHTML = `
                    <span>📍 地区码: ${res.areaCode}</span>
                    <span>🎂 出生日期: ${res.birthDate}</span>
                    <span>⚥ 性别: ${res.gender}</span>
                    <span>🔢 校验位: ${res.checkDigit} (正确)</span>
                `;
            } else {
                resultContent.innerHTML = `<span class="invalid">✘ 校验失败</span>  ·  ${res.raw}`;
                let extra = '';
                if (res.expectedCheck && res.checkDigit) {
                    extra = `<span>期望校验位: ${res.expectedCheck} · 实际: ${res.checkDigit}</span>`;
                }
                detailStack.innerHTML = `
                    <span style="background:#fbecec; color:#a94442;">❗ ${res.reason}</span>
                    ${extra}
                `;
                // 如果没有任何额外信息但错误原因存在
                if (!extra && res.reason) {
                    detailStack.innerHTML = `<span style="background:#fbecec; color:#a94442;">❗ ${res.reason}</span>`;
                }
                // 显示地区 / 出生日期片段 (若解析部分)
                if (res.areaCode && /^\d{6}$/.test(res.areaCode)) {
                    detailStack.innerHTML += `<span>📍 地区码: ${res.areaCode}</span>`;
                }
                if (res.birthDate) {
                    detailStack.innerHTML += `<span>🎂 出生日期: ${res.birthDate}</span>`;
                }
            }
        }
        // 绑定事件
        checkBtn.addEventListener('click', performValidation);
        inputEl.addEventListener('keypress', function(e) {
            if (e.key === 'Enter') {
                e.preventDefault();
                performValidation();
            }
        });
        // 初始化: 校验默认值 (11010519491231002X)
        window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
            performValidation();
        });
        // 自动trim防误触
        inputEl.addEventListener('blur', function() {
            this.value = this.value.trim();
        });
    })();
</script>
</body>
</html>

校验逻辑与交互说明

您只需输入18位身份证号,脚本便会自动完成多项校验并清晰反馈结果。

• 核心校验流程：脚本会依次检查号码的长度、格式、校验码以及出生日期的有效性，校验码的计算严格遵循国家标准中的加权因子和校验码表。
• 交互与反馈：您可以直接在输入框中输入号码，点击“校验”按钮或按回车键即可触发验证，结果区域会清晰显示“有效”或“无效”，并附带地区码、出生日期、性别等详细信息，如果校验失败，还会明确指出具体原因，校验码错误”或“出生日期无效”。
• 便捷功能：页面提供了几个示例号码，点击即可快速填入并自动校验，方便您测试脚本的运行效果。