本文目录导读：
我来详细介绍如何编写Cookie管理脚本,包含多种实现方式。
JavaScript (浏览器端) Cookie管理脚本
基础Cookie操作类
class CookieManager {
// 设置Cookie
static set(name, value, days = 7, path = '/', domain = '', secure = false) {
let cookieString = `${encodeURIComponent(name)}=${encodeURIComponent(value)}`;
// 过期时间
if (days) {
const expires = new Date();
expires.setTime(expires.getTime() + days * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
cookieString += `; expires=${expires.toUTCString()}`;
}
// 路径、域、安全标志
cookieString += `; path=${path}`;
if (domain) cookieString += `; domain=${domain}`;
if (secure) cookieString += '; secure';
document.cookie = cookieString;
}
// 获取Cookie
static get(name) {
const cookies = document.cookie.split('; ');
for (let cookie of cookies) {
const [cookieName, cookieValue] = cookie.split('=');
if (decodeURIComponent(cookieName) === name) {
return decodeURIComponent(cookieValue);
}
}
return null;
}
// 删除Cookie
static delete(name, path = '/', domain = '') {
this.set(name, '', -1, path, domain);
}
// 获取所有Cookie
static getAll() {
const cookies = {};
const cookieArray = document.cookie.split('; ');
cookieArray.forEach(cookie => {
if (cookie) {
const [name, value] = cookie.split('=');
cookies[decodeURIComponent(name)] = decodeURIComponent(value);
}
});
return cookies;
}
// 检查Cookie是否存在
static has(name) {
return this.get(name) !== null;
}
// 获取Cookie数量
static count() {
return document.cookie.split(';').filter(cookie => cookie.trim()).length;
}
// 清除所有Cookie
static clear() {
const cookies = this.getAll();
Object.keys(cookies).forEach(name => {
this.delete(name);
});
}
}
使用示例
// 设置Cookie
CookieManager.set('username', '张三', 7);
CookieManager.set('token', 'abc123', 30, '/', '.example.com', true);
// 获取Cookie
const username = CookieManager.get('username');
console.log(username); // 输出: 张三
// 检查Cookie
if (CookieManager.has('token')) {
console.log('Token存在');
}
// 删除Cookie
CookieManager.delete('username');
// 获取所有Cookie
const allCookies = CookieManager.getAll();
console.log(allCookies);
Python Cookie管理脚本
完整Cookie管理器
import http.cookiejar
import os
import json
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import requests
class CookieManager:
def __init__(self, cookie_file=None):
self.cookie_jar = http.cookiejar.CookieJar()
self.cookie_file = cookie_file or 'cookies.json'
# 如果存在Cookie文件，加载它们
if os.path.exists(self.cookie_file):
self.load_cookies()
def set_cookie(self, name, value, domain='', path='/',
expires=None, secure=False, http_only=False):
"""设置Cookie"""
cookie = http.cookiejar.Cookie(
version=0,
name=name,
value=value,
port=None,
port_specified=False,
domain=domain,
domain_specified=bool(domain),
domain_initial_dot=False,
path=path,
path_specified=True,
secure=secure,
expires=expires,
discard=True,
comment=None,
comment_url=None,
rest={'HttpOnly': http_only},
rfc2109=False
)
self.cookie_jar.set_cookie(cookie)
def get_cookie(self, name, domain='', path='/'):
"""获取Cookie值"""
for cookie in self.cookie_jar:
if cookie.name == name:
if (not domain or cookie.domain == domain) and cookie.path == path:
return cookie.value
return None
def delete_cookie(self, name, domain='', path='/'):
"""删除指定Cookie"""
cookies_to_remove = []
for cookie in self.cookie_jar:
if cookie.name == name:
if (not domain or cookie.domain == domain) and cookie.path == path:
cookies_to_remove.append(cookie)
for cookie in cookies_to_remove:
self.cookie_jar.clear(cookie.domain, cookie.path, cookie.name)
def save_cookies(self):
"""保存Cookie到文件"""
cookies_data = []
for cookie in self.cookie_jar:
cookie_dict = {
'name': cookie.name,
'value': cookie.value,
'domain': cookie.domain,
'path': cookie.path,
'secure': cookie.secure,
'expires': cookie.expires,
'httponly': cookie.has_nonstandard_attr('HttpOnly')
}
cookies_data.append(cookie_dict)
with open(self.cookie_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
json.dump(cookies_data, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
print(f"Cookies已保存到 {self.cookie_file}")
def load_cookies(self):
"""从文件加载Cookie"""
try:
with open(self.cookie_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
cookies_data = json.load(f)
for cookie_dict in cookies_data:
self.set_cookie(
name=cookie_dict['name'],
value=cookie_dict['value'],
domain=cookie_dict.get('domain', ''),
path=cookie_dict.get('path', '/'),
secure=cookie_dict.get('secure', False),
expires=cookie_dict.get('expires', None),
http_only=cookie_dict.get('httponly', False)
)
print(f"已从 {self.cookie_file} 加载Cookies")
except FileNotFoundError:
print("Cookie文件不存在")
except json.JSONDecodeError:
print("Cookie文件格式错误")
def export_to_netscape_format(self, output_file='cookies.txt'):
"""导出为Netscape格式"""
with open(output_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write("# Netscape HTTP Cookie File\n")
f.write("# 这是一个自动生成的文件，请勿手动修改\n\n")
for cookie in self.cookie_jar:
domain = cookie.domain or ''
domain_flag = 'TRUE' if domain.startswith('.') else 'FALSE'
path = cookie.path or '/'
secure = 'TRUE' if cookie.secure else 'FALSE'
expires = str(int(cookie.expires)) if cookie.expires else '0'
name = cookie.name
value = cookie.value
f.write(f"{domain}\t{domain_flag}\t{path}\t{secure}\t{expires}\t{name}\t{value}\n")
print(f"已导出为Netscape格式: {output_file}")
def get_all_cookies(self):
"""获取所有Cookie"""
cookies = {}
for cookie in self.cookie_jar:
cookies[cookie.name] = {
'value': cookie.value,
'domain': cookie.domain,
'path': cookie.path,
'secure': cookie.secure,
'httponly': cookie.has_nonstandard_attr('HttpOnly')
}
return cookies
def clear_all_cookies(self):
"""清除所有Cookie"""
self.cookie_jar.clear()
print("已清除所有Cookies")
def has_expired_cookies(self):
"""检查是否有过期Cookie"""
now = datetime.now().timestamp()
for cookie in self.cookie_jar:
if cookie.expires and cookie.expires < now:
return True
return False
def clean_expired_cookies(self):
"""清理过期Cookie"""
now = datetime.now().timestamp()
expired_count = 0
for cookie in list(self.cookie_jar):
if cookie.expires and cookie.expires < now:
self.cookie_jar.clear(cookie.domain, cookie.path, cookie.name)
expired_count += 1
if expired_count > 0:
print(f"已清理 {expired_count} 个过期Cookie")
# 使用Requests会话的例子
class SessionWithCookieManager:
def __init__(self, cookie_manager=None):
self.session = requests.Session()
self.cookie_manager = cookie_manager or CookieManager()
# 如果Cookie管理器中有Cookie，加载到会话中
if self.cookie_manager:
self.session.cookies = self.cookie_manager.cookie_jar
def get(self, url, **kwargs):
return self.session.get(url, **kwargs)
def post(self, url, data=None, **kwargs):
return self.session.post(url, data=data, **kwargs)
def save_session_cookies(self):
"""保存当前会话的Cookies"""
self.cookie_manager.cookie_jar = self.session.cookies
self.cookie_manager.save_cookies()
def load_session_cookies(self):
"""加载保存的Cookies到会话"""
self.cookie_manager.load_cookies()
self.session.cookies = self.cookie_manager.cookie_jar
使用示例
# 创建Cookie管理器
cm = CookieManager()
# 设置Cookie
cm.set_cookie('session_id', 'abc123', '.example.com', expires=datetime.now().timestamp() + 86400)
cm.set_cookie('user_preferences', '{"theme":"dark"}', '.example.com')
# 获取Cookie
session = cm.get_cookie('session_id')
print(f"Session ID: {session}")
# 保存Cookies
cm.save_cookies()
# 使用会话管理器
session_mgr = SessionWithCookieManager(cm)
response = session_mgr.get('https://example.com')
session_mgr.save_session_cookies()
# 清理过期Cookie
cm.clean_expired_cookies()
# 导出为Netscape格式
cm.export_to_netscape_format()
Chrome扩展Cookie管理脚本
// manifest.json
{
"manifest_version": 3,
"name": "Cookie Manager",
"version": "1.0",
"permissions": [
"cookies",
"storage",
"activeTab"
],
"host_permissions": [
"<all_urls>"
],
"action": {
"default_popup": "popup.html"
}
}
// popup.js
class ChromeCookieManager {
// 获取所有Cookie
static async getAllCookies(domain) {
return new Promise((resolve) => {
chrome.cookies.getAll({ domain: domain }, (cookies) => {
resolve(cookies);
});
});
}
// 设置Cookie
static async setCookie(details) {
return new Promise((resolve) => {
chrome.cookies.set(details, (cookie) => {
resolve(cookie);
});
});
}
// 删除Cookie
static async removeCookie(url, name) {
return new Promise((resolve) => {
chrome.cookies.remove({ url: url, name: name }, (details) => {
resolve(details);
});
});
}
// 导出Cookies为JSON
static async exportCookies(domain) {
const cookies = await this.getAllCookies(domain);
return JSON.stringify(cookies, null, 2);
}
// 导入Cookies
static async importCookies(cookiesJson) {
const cookies = JSON.parse(cookiesJson);
for (const cookie of cookies) {
await this.setCookie({
url: `https://${cookie.domain}${cookie.path}`,
name: cookie.name,
value: cookie.value,
domain: cookie.domain,
path: cookie.path,
secure: cookie.secure,
httpOnly: cookie.httpOnly,
sameSite: cookie.sameSite
});
}
}
}
这些脚本提供了完整的Cookie管理功能,你可以根据实际需求选择适合的实现方式。
