本文目录导读：
我来提供一个功能完整的路由追踪脚本,支持Windows和Linux系统：
Python路由追踪脚本
基本版本（跨平台）
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import platform
import re
import sys
def traceroute(target, max_hops=30, timeout=2):
"""
路由追踪函数
:param target: 目标IP或域名
:param max_hops: 最大跳数
:param timeout: 超时时间（秒）
"""
system = platform.system().lower()
# 根据系统选择命令
if system == "windows":
cmd = ["tracert", "-d", "-h", str(max_hops), "-w", str(timeout * 1000), target]
else: # Linux/Mac
cmd = ["traceroute", "-n", "-m", str(max_hops), "-w", str(timeout), target]
try:
print(f"开始追踪路由到 {target}...")
print("-" * 60)
process = subprocess.Popen(
cmd,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
universal_newlines=True
)
hop_count = 0
for line in process.stdout:
line = line.strip()
if not line:
continue
# 解析输出
if system == "windows":
# 支持多版本Windows输出格式
if re.match(r'^\s*\d+', line):
hop_count += 1
parts = re.split(r'\s+', line.strip())
if len(parts) >= 4:
hop_num = parts[0]
ip = parts[-1].replace('[', '').replace(']', '')
rtts = []
for p in parts[1:-1]:
try:
if '<' in p:
rtts.append(f"<{p.replace('<', '').replace('ms', '').strip()}ms")
elif 'ms' in p:
rtts.append(p)
else:
num = int(p)
rtts.append(f"{num}ms")
except:
pass
print(f" {hop_num}. {ip} {' '.join(rtts)}")
else:
print(f" {line}")
elif "超时" in line or "Request timed out" in line:
print(f" * * * (超时)")
else:
# Linux/Mac格式
if re.match(r'^\s*\d+', line):
hop_count += 1
parts = re.split(r'\s+', line.strip())
if len(parts) >= 4:
hop_num = parts[0]
ip = parts[2] if len(parts) > 2 else "*"
rtts = []
for p in parts[3:]:
if 'ms' in p:
rtts.append(p)
elif p == '*':
rtts.append('*')
print(f" {hop_num}. {ip} {' '.join(rtts[:3])}")
else:
print(f" {line}")
print("-" * 60)
print(f"追踪完成，共 {hop_count} 跳")
except FileNotFoundError:
print("错误: 未找到traceroute命令，请安装")
print("Ubuntu/Debian: sudo apt-get install traceroute")
print("CentOS/RHEL: sudo yum install traceroute")
sys.exit(1)
except Exception as e:
print(f"错误: {e}")
sys.exit(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
print("用法: python traceroute.py <目标IP或域名>")
print("示例: python traceroute.py 8.8.8.8")
print(" python traceroute.py www.baidu.com")
sys.exit(1)
target = sys.argv[1]
traceroute(target)
高级版本（带地理信息）
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import platform
import re
import sys
import requests
import json
import socket
from datetime import datetime
class TracerouteAnalyzer:
def __init__(self, target):
self.target = target
self.system = platform.system().lower()
self.hops = []
def get_geolocation(self, ip):
"""获取IP地理信息（免费API）"""
try:
# 使用 ip-api.com 免费API
response = requests.get(f"http://ip-api.com/json/{ip}", timeout=3)
if response.status_code == 200:
data = response.json()
if data['status'] == 'success':
return f"{data['city']}, {data['country']}"
except:
pass
return "未知位置"
def resolve_domain(self, ip):
"""反向解析域名"""
try:
host = socket.gethostbyaddr(ip)
return host[0]
except:
return ip
def run_analysis(self, max_hops=30):
print(f"\n开始路由追踪分析: {self.target}")
print(f"时间: {datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}")
print("=" * 70)
print(f"{'跳数':<6}{'IP地址':<20}{'响应时间':<25}{'位置':<20}")
print("=" * 70)
# 执行traceroute命令
if self.system == "windows":
cmd = ["tracert", "-d", "-h", str(max_hops), "-w", "3000", self.target]
else:
cmd = ["traceroute", "-n", "-m", str(max_hops), "-w", "3", "-q", "3", self.target]
try:
process = subprocess.Popen(
cmd,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
universal_newlines=True,
bufsize=1
)
hop_count = 0
for line in process.stdout:
line = line.strip()
if not line:
continue
if self.system == "windows":
if re.match(r'^\s*\d+', line):
hop_count += 1
parts = re.split(r'\s+', line.strip())
if len(parts) >= 4:
hop_num = parts[0]
ip = parts[-1].replace('[', '').replace(']', '')
rtts = [p for p in parts[1:-1] if 'ms' in p or '<' in p]
# 获取地理信息
location = self.get_geolocation(ip) if ip != '*' else '*'
hostname = self.resolve_domain(ip) if ip != '*' else ''
rtt_str = ' '.join(rtts[:3]) if rtts else '* * *'
print(f"{hop_num:<6}{ip:<20}{rtt_str:<25}{location:<20}")
self.hops.append({
'hop': hop_num,
'ip': ip,
'hostname': hostname,
'rtt': rtts,
'location': location
})
else:
# Linux格式解析
if re.match(r'^\s*\d+', line):
hop_count += 1
parts = re.split(r'\s+', line.strip())
if len(parts) >= 4:
hop_num = parts[0]
ip = parts[2] if len(parts) > 2 else "*"
rtts = []
for p in parts[3:]:
if 'ms' in p:
rtts.append(p)
elif p == '*':
rtts.append('*')
location = self.get_geolocation(ip) if ip != '*' else ''
hostname = self.resolve_domain(ip) if ip != '*' else ''
rtt_str = ' '.join(rtts[:3]) if rtts else '* * *'
print(f"{hop_num:<6}{ip:<20}{rtt_str:<25}{location:<20}")
self.hops.append({
'hop': hop_num,
'ip': ip,
'hostname': hostname,
'rtt': rtts,
'location': location
})
print("=" * 70)
print(f"追踪完成，共 {hop_count} 跳")
# 显示统计信息
self.show_statistics()
except FileNotFoundError:
print("错误: 未找到traceroute命令")
self.show_install_instructions()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("\n追踪被用户中断")
except Exception as e:
print(f"错误: {e}")
def show_statistics(self):
"""显示统计信息"""
if not self.hops:
return
print("\n📊 分析摘要:")
# 找出最慢的跳点
max_rtt = 0
slowest_hop = None
for hop in self.hops:
for rtt in hop['rtt']:
try:
value = float(rtt.replace('ms', '').replace('<', ''))
if value > max_rtt:
max_rtt = value
slowest_hop = hop
except:
pass
if slowest_hop:
print(f"⚠️ 最慢跳点: 第{slowest_hop['hop']}跳 ({slowest_hop['ip']}) - {slowest_hop['location']}")
print(f" 最大延迟: {max_rtt}ms")
# 显示所有跳数的位置信息
print("\n📍 路径概览:")
for hop in self.hops:
print(f" {hop['hop']:>2}. {hop['ip']:<15} -> {hop['location']}")
def show_install_instructions(self):
"""显示安装说明"""
print("\n请安装traceroute:")
print(" Ubuntu/Debian: sudo apt-get install traceroute")
print(" CentOS/RHEL: sudo yum install traceroute")
print(" Mac: brew install traceroute")
def main():
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
print("用法: python traceroute_analyzer.py <目标IP或域名>")
print("示例: python traceroute_analyzer.py 8.8.8.8")
print(" python traceroute_analyzer.py www.baidu.com")
sys.exit(1)
target = sys.argv[1]
analyzer = TracerouteAnalyzer(target)
analyzer.run_analysis()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Bash脚本版本（Linux）
#!/bin/bash
# 路由追踪脚本
# 使用方法: ./traceroute.sh <目标IP或域名>
if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
echo "用法: $0 <目标IP或域名>"
echo "示例: $0 8.8.8.8"
echo " $0 www.baidu.com"
exit 1
fi
TARGET=$1
MAX_HOPS=30
echo "========================================"
echo "路由追踪: $TARGET"
echo "日期: $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')"
echo "========================================"
# 检查traceroute是否安装
if ! command -v traceroute &> /dev/null; then
echo "错误: 未找到traceroute命令"
echo "请安装: sudo apt-get install traceroute"
exit 1
fi
# 执行路由追踪
traceroute -n -m $MAX_HOPS -w 3 -q 3 $TARGET 2>&1 | while read line; do
echo "$line"
done
echo "========================================"
echo "追踪完成"
使用说明
安装依赖
# Python脚本需要 pip install requests # Linux系统安装traceroute sudo apt-get install traceroute # Ubuntu/Debian sudo yum install traceroute # CentOS/RHEL
运行脚本
# Python基本版本 python traceroute.py 8.8.8.8 # Python高级版本 python traceroute_analyzer.py www.baidu.com # Bash版本 chmod +x traceroute.sh ./traceroute.sh 8.8.8.8
这个脚本能显示每个路由节点的IP、延迟信息和地理位置,方便排查网络问题！
