怎么用脚本获取性能计数器

本文目录导读：

1. PowerShell (Windows)
2. Python (跨平台)
3. Bash (Linux)
4. Python + WMI (Windows特有)
5. 完整监控脚本示例 (Python)
6. 安装依赖
7. 常用性能计数器

PowerShell (Windows)

# 获取CPU使用率
Get-Counter "\Processor(_Total)\% Processor Time"
# 获取内存使用
Get-Counter "\Memory\Available MBytes"
# 获取磁盘IO
Get-Counter "\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\% Disk Time"
# 获取多个计数器
$counters = @(
    "\Processor(_Total)\% Processor Time",
    "\Memory\Available MBytes",
    "\Network Interface(*)\Bytes Total/sec"
)
Get-Counter $counters
# 持续监控（每秒更新）
Get-Counter "\Processor(_Total)\% Processor Time" -SampleInterval 1 -MaxSamples 10

Python (跨平台)

# 方案1：使用psutil库
import psutil
import time
# CPU使用率
cpu_percent = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1)
print(f"CPU: {cpu_percent}%")
# 内存信息
memory = psutil.virtual_memory()
print(f"Memory: {memory.percent}% used")
# 磁盘IO
disk_io = psutil.disk_io_counters()
print(f"Disk Read: {disk_io.read_bytes/1024/1024:.2f} MB")
# 网络IO
net_io = psutil.net_io_counters()
print(f"Network Sent: {net_io.bytes_sent/1024/1024:.2f} MB")
# 实时监控示例
def monitor_performance():
    while True:
        cpu = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1)
        mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
        print(f"CPU: {cpu}% | Memory: {mem.percent}% | Available: {mem.available/1024/1024:.0f}MB")
        time.sleep(1)

Bash (Linux)

#!/bin/bash
# CPU使用率
cpu_usage=$(top -bn1 | grep "Cpu(s)" | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d'%' -f1)
echo "CPU: $cpu_usage%"
# 内存使用
memory_usage=$(free | grep Mem | awk '{print $3/$2 * 100.0}')
echo "Memory: $memory_usage%"
# 磁盘使用
disk_usage=$(df -h / | awk 'NR==2 {print $5}')
echo "Disk: $disk_usage"
# 网络流量监控
interface="eth0"
rx_bytes=$(cat /sys/class/net/$interface/statistics/rx_bytes)
tx_bytes=$(cat /sys/class/net/$interface/statistics/tx_bytes)
echo "RX: $((rx_bytes/1024/1024)) MB | TX: $((tx_bytes/1024/1024)) MB"

Python + WMI (Windows特有)

import wmi
import pythoncom
def get_performance_counters():
    pythoncom.CoInitialize()
    c = wmi.WMI()
    # CPU信息
    for cpu in c.Win32_Processor():
        print(f"CPU: {cpu.LoadPercentage}%")
    # 内存信息
    for os in c.Win32_OperatingSystem():
        total_mem = int(os.TotalVisibleMemorySize) / 1024
        free_mem = int(os.FreePhysicalMemory) / 1024
        used_percent = ((total_mem - free_mem) / total_mem) * 100
        print(f"Memory: {used_percent:.1f}%")
    # 磁盘信息
    for disk in c.Win32_LogicalDisk():
        if disk.Size:
            used_percent = ((int(disk.Size) - int(disk.FreeSpace)) / int(disk.Size)) * 100
            print(f"Disk {disk.DeviceID}: {used_percent:.1f}%")
# 安装依赖：pip install wmi pywin32

完整监控脚本示例 (Python)

import psutil
import time
import csv
from datetime import datetime
class PerformanceMonitor:
    def __init__(self):
        self.metrics = []
    def collect_metrics(self):
        return {
            'timestamp': datetime.now(),
            'cpu_percent': psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1),
            'memory_percent': psutil.virtual_memory().percent,
            'memory_available_mb': psutil.virtual_memory().available / 1024 / 1024,
            'disk_usage_percent': psutil.disk_usage('/').percent,
            'network_bytes_sent': psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_sent,
            'network_bytes_recv': psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_recv
        }
    def monitor(self, duration=60, interval=1):
        """监控指定时长"""
        start_time = time.time()
        while time.time() - start_time < duration:
            metrics = self.collect_metrics()
            self.metrics.append(metrics)
            print(f"{metrics['timestamp']} - CPU: {metrics['cpu_percent']}% "
                  f"Mem: {metrics['memory_percent']}%")
            time.sleep(interval)
    def save_to_csv(self, filename='performance.csv'):
        """保存到CSV文件"""
        if not self.metrics:
            return
        with open(filename, 'w', newline='') as f:
            writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self.metrics[0].keys())
            writer.writeheader()
            writer.writerows(self.metrics)
# 使用示例
monitor = PerformanceMonitor()
monitor.monitor(duration=10)  # 监控10秒
monitor.save_to_csv()

安装依赖

# Python
pip install psutil wmi pywin32
# PowerShell（Windows自带）
# 无需安装
# Linux
# 无需安装，使用系统命令

常用性能计数器

选择哪种方法取决于你的操作系统和使用场景，PowerShell适合Windows环境，Python适合跨平台,Bash适合Linux服务器。