Java实现命令行工具案例

wen java案例 2026-08-04 201

本文目录导读：

Java实现命令行工具案例

基础命令行参数解析工具
文件操作命令行工具
交互式命令行工具
进度显示工具类
彩色输出工具类
编译和运行方法
使用示例

我来为你提供一个完整的Java命令行工具实现案例,包含多个实用功能示例。

基础命令行参数解析工具

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class CommandLineParser {
    private Map<String, String> options = new HashMap<>();
    private Map<String, String> longOptions = new HashMap<>();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CommandLineParser parser = new CommandLineParser();
        try {
            parser.parse(args);
            parser.showHelp();
            if (parser.hasOption("v")) {
                System.out.println("版本: 1.0.0");
            }
            if (parser.hasOption("n")) {
                System.out.println("名称: " + parser.getOptionValue("n"));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("错误: " + e.getMessage());
            System.exit(1);
        }
    }
    public void parse(String[] args) throws Exception {
        for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
            String arg = args[i];
            if (arg.startsWith("--")) {
                // 长选项
                String key = arg.substring(2);
                if (i + 1 < args.length && !args[i + 1].startsWith("-")) {
                    longOptions.put(key, args[++i]);
                } else {
                    longOptions.put(key, "true");
                }
            } else if (arg.startsWith("-")) {
                // 短选项
                String key = arg.substring(1);
                if (i + 1 < args.length && !args[i + 1].startsWith("-")) {
                    options.put(key, args[++i]);
                } else {
                    options.put(key, "true");
                }
            } else {
                throw new Exception("无效的参数: " + arg);
            }
        }
    }
    public boolean hasOption(String key) {
        return options.containsKey(key) || longOptions.containsKey(key);
    }
    public String getOptionValue(String key) {
        return options.getOrDefault(key, longOptions.get(key));
    }
    private void showHelp() {
        System.out.println("用法: java CommandLineParser [选项]");
        System.out.println("选项:");
        System.out.println("  -v, --version    显示版本号");
        System.out.println("  -n, --name <名称> 指定名称");
        System.out.println("  -h, --help       显示帮助信息");
        System.out.println();
    }
}

文件操作命令行工具

import java.io.*;
import java.nio.file.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.*;
public class FileTool {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        if (args.length < 1) {
            System.out.println("用法: java FileTool [命令] [参数]");
            System.out.println("命令:");
            System.out.println("  list <目录>    列出文件");
            System.out.println("  copy <源> <目标> 复制文件");
            System.out.println("  delete <文件>  删除文件");
            System.out.println("  move <源> <目标> 移动文件");
            System.out.println("  size <文件>    显示文件大小");
            return;
        }
        String command = args[0];
        try {
            switch (command) {
                case "list":
                    listFiles(args[1]);
                    break;
                case "copy":
                    copyFile(args[1], args[2]);
                    break;
                case "delete":
                    deleteFile(args[1]);
                    break;
                case "move":
                    moveFile(args[1], args[2]);
                    break;
                case "size":
                    showFileSize(args[1]);
                    break;
                default:
                    System.err.println("未知命令: " + command);
                    System.exit(1);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("错误: " + e.getMessage());
            System.exit(1);
        }
    }
    private static void listFiles(String dir) throws IOException {
        Path path = Paths.get(dir);
        if (!Files.exists(path)) {
            throw new IOException("目录不存在: " + dir);
        }
        System.out.println("目录内容: " + dir);
        System.out.println("----------------------");
        try (Stream<Path> stream = Files.list(path)) {
            stream.forEach(p -> {
                try {
                    String type = Files.isDirectory(p) ? "[DIR]" : "[FILE]";
                    long size = Files.size(p);
                    System.out.printf("%-8s %-30s %10d bytes%n", 
                        type, p.getFileName(), size);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    System.err.println("无法读取: " + p);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    private static void copyFile(String src, String dest) throws IOException {
        Path source = Paths.get(src);
        Path target = Paths.get(dest);
        if (!Files.exists(source)) {
            throw new IOException("源文件不存在: " + src);
        }
        Files.copy(source, target, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
        System.out.println("文件复制成功: " + src + " -> " + dest);
    }
    private static void deleteFile(String file) throws IOException {
        Path path = Paths.get(file);
        if (!Files.exists(path)) {
            throw new IOException("文件不存在: " + file);
        }
        Files.delete(path);
        System.out.println("文件删除成功: " + file);
    }
    private static void moveFile(String src, String dest) throws IOException {
        Path source = Paths.get(src);
        Path target = Paths.get(dest);
        if (!Files.exists(source)) {
            throw new IOException("源文件不存在: " + src);
        }
        Files.move(source, target, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
        System.out.println("文件移动成功: " + src + " -> " + dest);
    }
    private static void showFileSize(String file) throws IOException {
        Path path = Paths.get(file);
        if (!Files.exists(path)) {
            throw new IOException("文件不存在: " + file);
        }
        long size = Files.size(path);
        System.out.printf("文件: %s%n大小: %d bytes (%.2f KB, %.2f MB)%n",
            file, size, size / 1024.0, size / (1024.0 * 1024.0));
    }
}

交互式命令行工具

import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
public class InteractiveCLI {
    private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    private static Map<String, String> data = new HashMap<>();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("交互式命令行工具");
        System.out.println("输入 'help' 查看命令列表");
        while (true) {
            System.out.print(">>> ");
            String input = scanner.nextLine().trim();
            if (input.isEmpty()) {
                continue;
            }
            if (input.equals("exit") || input.equals("quit")) {
                System.out.println("再见！");
                break;
            }
            processCommand(input);
        }
    }
    private static void processCommand(String input) {
        String[] parts = input.split("\\s+");
        String command = parts[0].toLowerCase();
        switch (command) {
            case "help":
                showHelp();
                break;
            case "add":
                if (parts.length == 3) {
                    data.put(parts[1], parts[2]);
                    System.out.println("添加成功: " + parts[1] + " -> " + parts[2]);
                } else {
                    System.out.println("用法: add <键> <值>");
                }
                break;
            case "get":
                if (parts.length == 2) {
                    String value = data.get(parts[1]);
                    System.out.println(value != null ? value : "键不存在: " + parts[1]);
                } else {
                    System.out.println("用法: get <键>");
                }
                break;
            case "list":
                if (data.isEmpty()) {
                    System.out.println("暂无数据");
                } else {
                    data.forEach((k, v) -> System.out.println(k + " = " + v));
                }
                break;
            case "delete":
                if (parts.length == 2) {
                    String removed = data.remove(parts[1]);
                    System.out.println(removed != null ? 
                        "删除成功: " + parts[1] : "键不存在: " + parts[1]);
                } else {
                    System.out.println("用法: delete <键>");
                }
                break;
            case "clear":
                data.clear();
                System.out.println("数据已清空");
                break;
            case "count":
                System.out.println("数据条目数: " + data.size());
                break;
            default:
                System.out.println("未知命令: " + command);
                showHelp();
        }
    }
    private static void showHelp() {
        System.out.println("可用命令:");
        System.out.println("  add <键> <值>   添加/更新数据");
        System.out.println("  get <键>        获取数据");
        System.out.println("  list            列出所有数据");
        System.out.println("  delete <键>     删除数据");
        System.out.println("  clear           清空所有数据");
        System.out.println("  count           显示数据数量");
        System.out.println("  help            显示帮助");
        System.out.println("  exit/quit       退出程序");
    }
}

进度显示工具类

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
public class ProgressBar {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 示例：模拟进度条
        System.out.println("进度显示示例：");
        for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i += 10) {
            showProgress(i, 100, "任务进行中");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(500);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            }
        }
        System.out.println("\n完成！");
    }
    public static void showProgress(int current, int total, String message) {
        int barLength = 50;
        int percent = (int) ((current / (double) total) * 100);
        int filledLength = (int) (barLength * current / (double) total);
        StringBuilder bar = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < barLength; i++) {
            if (i < filledLength) {
                bar.append("█");
            } else {
                bar.append("░");
            }
        }
        String time = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(new Date());
        System.out.printf("\r[%s] %s %3d%% | %s", 
            time, bar.toString(), percent, message);
        System.out.flush();
    }
}

彩色输出工具类

public class ColorOutput {
    // ANSI颜色代码
    public static final String RESET = "\u001B[0m";
    public static final String BLACK = "\u001B[30m";
    public static final String RED = "\u001B[31m";
    public static final String GREEN = "\u001B[32m";
    public static final String YELLOW = "\u001B[33m";
    public static final String BLUE = "\u001B[34m";
    public static final String PURPLE = "\u001B[35m";
    public static final String CYAN = "\u001B[36m";
    public static final String WHITE = "\u001B[37m";
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        printColoredExample();
    }
    public static void printColoredExample() {
        System.out.println("彩色输出示例：");
        System.out.println(RED + "这是红色" + RESET);
        System.out.println(GREEN + "这是绿色" + RESET);
        System.out.println(YELLOW + "这是黄色" + RESET);
        System.out.println(BLUE + "这是蓝色" + RESET);
        System.out.println(PURPLE + "这是紫色" + RESET);
        System.out.println(CYAN + "这是青色" + RESET);
        // 背景色
        System.out.println("\u001B[41m" + "红底白字" + RESET);
        System.out.println("\u001B[42m" + "绿底黑字" + RESET);
    }
}

编译和运行方法

# 编译
javac CommandLineParser.java
javac FileTool.java
javac InteractiveCLI.java
javac ProgressBar.java
javac ColorOutput.java
# 运行示例
java CommandLineParser -n "Test" -v
java FileTool list .
java InteractiveCLI
java ProgressBar
java ColorOutput
# 带更多参数的文件操作工具示例
java FileTool list /tmp
java FileTool copy source.txt dest.txt

使用示例

命令行解析器：

java CommandLineParser -v -n "Hello"
# 输出:
# 版本: 1.0.0
# 名称: Hello

文件工具：

java FileTool list /home/user
# 输出: /home/user
# [DIR]    documents               1024 bytes
# [FILE]   test.txt                5120 bytes

这些工具类提供了命令行应用开发的基础框架,你可以根据需求扩展和组合使用，每个工具都有明确的职责划分和易用的API设计，适合作为命令行项目的起点。

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