Java实现系统监控案例

本文目录导读：

1. 系统监控核心类
2. Web接口实现
3. 图形界面监控（JavaFX）
4. 项目配置文件
5. 使用示例

我来为您提供一个完整的Java系统监控实现案例,包含CPU、内存、磁盘和网络监控。

系统监控核心类

SystemMonitor.java

package com.monitor;
import com.sun.management.OperatingSystemMXBean;
import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.NetworkInterface;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
/**
 * 系统监控器 - 负责采集系统各项指标
 */
public class SystemMonitor {
    private OperatingSystemMXBean osBean;
    private long lastCpuTime;
    private long lastProcessCpuTime;
    public SystemMonitor() {
        osBean = (OperatingSystemMXBean) ManagementFactory.getOperatingSystemMXBean();
        initCpuTime();
    }
    private void initCpuTime() {
        lastCpuTime = osBean.getCpuTime();
        lastProcessCpuTime = osBean.getProcessCpuTime();
    }
    /**
     * 获取CPU使用率（百分比）
     */
    public double getCpuUsage() {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(500); // 采样间隔
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }
        long cpuTime = osBean.getCpuTime();
        long processCpuTime = osBean.getProcessCpuTime();
        double cpuUsage = (double)(processCpuTime - lastProcessCpuTime) * 100.0 / 
                         (cpuTime - lastCpuTime);
        lastCpuTime = cpuTime;
        lastProcessCpuTime = processCpuTime;
        return Math.round(cpuUsage * 100.0) / 100.0;
    }
    /**
     * 获取物理内存信息
     */
    public MemoryInfo getMemoryInfo() {
        MemoryInfo info = new MemoryInfo();
        info.setTotalMemory(osBean.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize());
        info.setFreeMemory(osBean.getFreePhysicalMemorySize());
        info.setUsedMemory(info.getTotalMemory() - info.getFreeMemory());
        info.setUsedPercent((info.getUsedMemory() * 100.0) / info.getTotalMemory());
        return info;
    }
    /**
     * 获取JVM内存信息
     */
    public JvmMemoryInfo getJvmMemoryInfo() {
        Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
        JvmMemoryInfo info = new JvmMemoryInfo();
        info.setMaxMemory(runtime.maxMemory());
        info.setTotalMemory(runtime.totalMemory());
        info.setFreeMemory(runtime.freeMemory());
        info.setUsedMemory(info.getTotalMemory() - info.getFreeMemory());
        return info;
    }
    /**
     * 获取系统信息
     */
    public SystemInfo getSystemInfo() throws Exception {
        SystemInfo info = new SystemInfo();
        info.setOsName(osBean.getName());
        info.setOsVersion(osBean.getVersion());
        info.setArch(osBean.getArch());
        info.setCpuCores(osBean.getAvailableProcessors());
        info.setJvmVersion(System.getProperty("java.version"));
        info.setJavaHome(System.getProperty("java.home"));
        InetAddress localHost = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        info.setHostName(localHost.getHostName());
        info.setHostAddress(localHost.getHostAddress());
        return info;
    }
    /**
     * 获取磁盘使用情况
     */
    public List<DiskInfo> getDiskInfo() {
        List<DiskInfo> disks = new ArrayList<>();
        File[] roots = File.listRoots();
        for (File root : roots) {
            if (root.canRead()) {
                DiskInfo disk = new DiskInfo();
                disk.setPath(root.getPath());
                disk.setTotalSpace(root.getTotalSpace());
                disk.setFreeSpace(root.getFreeSpace());
                disk.setUsableSpace(root.getUsableSpace());
                disk.setUsedSpace(root.getTotalSpace() - root.getFreeSpace());
                disk.setUsedPercent((disk.getUsedSpace() * 100.0) / disk.getTotalSpace());
                disks.add(disk);
            }
        }
        return disks;
    }
    /**
     * 获取网络信息
     */
    public List<NetworkInfo> getNetworkInfo() throws SocketException {
        List<NetworkInfo> networks = new ArrayList<>();
        Enumeration<NetworkInterface> interfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
        while (interfaces.hasMoreElements()) {
            NetworkInterface networkInterface = interfaces.nextElement();
            if (networkInterface.isUp() && !networkInterface.isLoopback()) {
                NetworkInfo info = new NetworkInfo();
                info.setName(networkInterface.getName());
                info.setDisplayName(networkInterface.getDisplayName());
                byte[] mac = networkInterface.getHardwareAddress();
                if (mac != null) {
                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                    for (int i = 0; i < mac.length; i++) {
                        sb.append(String.format("%02X%s", mac[i], 
                              (i < mac.length - 1) ? "-" : ""));
                    }
                    info.setMacAddress(sb.toString());
                }
                Enumeration<InetAddress> addresses = networkInterface.getInetAddresses();
                while (addresses.hasMoreElements()) {
                    InetAddress addr = addresses.nextElement();
                    if (addr.isSiteLocalAddress()) {
                        info.setIpAddress(addr.getHostAddress());
                        break;
                    }
                }
                info.setSpeed(networkInterface.getSpeed());
                networks.add(info);
            }
        }
        return networks;
    }
    /**
     * 获取进程列表
     */
    public List<ProcessInfo> getProcessList() {
        List<ProcessInfo> processes = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            // 这里可以扩展为通过系统命令获取进程信息
            // 示例使用ProcessBuilder
            ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("ps", "-e");
            Process process = pb.start();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(
                new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
            String line;
            boolean first = true;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                if (first) {
                    first = false;
                    continue;
                }
                String[] parts = line.trim().split("\\s+");
                if (parts.length >= 4) {
                    ProcessInfo info = new ProcessInfo();
                    info.setPid(parts[0]);
                    info.setUser(parts[1]);
                    info.setCpu(parts[2] + "%");
                    info.setMemory(parts[3] + "%");
                    processes.add(info);
                }
            }
            reader.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return processes;
    }
}

数据模型类

package com.monitor;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;
@Data
public class MemoryInfo implements Serializable {
    private long totalMemory;      // 物理内存总量
    private long freeMemory;       // 物理内存空闲
    private long usedMemory;       // 物理内存已用
    private double usedPercent;    // 使用百分比
}
@Data
public class JvmMemoryInfo implements Serializable {
    private long maxMemory;        // 最大内存
    private long totalMemory;      // JVM内存总量
    private long usedMemory;       // JVM已用内存
    private long freeMemory;       // JVM空闲内存
}
@Data
public class SystemInfo implements Serializable {
    private String osName;         // 操作系统名称
    private String osVersion;      // 操作系统版本
    private String arch;           // 系统架构
    private int cpuCores;          // CPU核心数
    private String jvmVersion;     // JVM版本
    private String javaHome;       // Java安装路径
    private String hostName;       // 主机名
    private String hostAddress;    // 主机IP
}
@Data
public class DiskInfo implements Serializable {
    private String path;           // 磁盘路径
    private long totalSpace;       // 磁盘总空间
    private long freeSpace;        // 磁盘可用空间
    private long usableSpace;      // 磁盘剩余可用空间
    private long usedSpace;        // 磁盘已用空间
    private double usedPercent;    // 使用百分比
}
@Data
public class NetworkInfo implements Serializable {
    private String name;           // 网络接口名称
    private String displayName;    // 显示名称
    private String macAddress;     // MAC地址
    private String ipAddress;      // IP地址
    private long speed;            // 速率
}
@Data
public class ProcessInfo implements Serializable {
    private String pid;            // 进程ID
    private String user;           // 用户
    private String cpu;            // CPU使用率
    private String memory;         // 内存使用率
}

Web接口实现

MonitorController.java

package com.monitor.controller;
import com.monitor.*;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/monitor")
public class MonitorController {
    @Autowired
    private SystemMonitor systemMonitor;
    @GetMapping("/overview")
    public Map<String, Object> getOverview() {
        Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();
        try {
            // CPU使用率
            double cpuUsage = systemMonitor.getCpuUsage();
            result.put("cpuUsage", cpuUsage);
            // 内存信息
            MemoryInfo memoryInfo = systemMonitor.getMemoryInfo();
            result.put("memory", memoryInfo);
            // JVM内存信息
            JvmMemoryInfo jvmMemoryInfo = systemMonitor.getJvmMemoryInfo();
            result.put("jvmMemory", jvmMemoryInfo);
            // 系统信息
            SystemInfo systemInfo = systemMonitor.getSystemInfo();
            result.put("system", systemInfo);
            // 磁盘信息
            List<DiskInfo> diskInfo = systemMonitor.getDiskInfo();
            result.put("disks", diskInfo);
            // 网络信息
            List<NetworkInfo> networkInfo = systemMonitor.getNetworkInfo();
            result.put("networks", networkInfo);
            result.put("success", true);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            result.put("success", false);
            result.put("error", e.getMessage());
        }
        return result;
    }
    @GetMapping("/cpu")
    public double getCpuUsage() {
        return systemMonitor.getCpuUsage();
    }
    @GetMapping("/memory")
    public Map<String, Object> getMemory() {
        Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();
        result.put("physical", systemMonitor.getMemoryInfo());
        result.put("jvm", systemMonitor.getJvmMemoryInfo());
        return result;
    }
    @GetMapping("/disks")
    public List<DiskInfo> getDisks() {
        return systemMonitor.getDiskInfo();
    }
    @GetMapping("/networks")
    public List<NetworkInfo> getNetworks() throws SocketException {
        return systemMonitor.getNetworkInfo();
    }
    @GetMapping("/processes")
    public List<ProcessInfo> getProcesses() {
        return systemMonitor.getProcessList();
    }
    @GetMapping("/system")
    public SystemInfo getSystem() throws Exception {
        return systemMonitor.getSystemInfo();
    }
}

图形界面监控（JavaFX）

MonitorGUI.java

package com.monitor.ui;
import javafx.animation.Animation;
import javafx.animation.KeyFrame;
import javafx.animation.Timeline;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.geometry.Insets;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.*;
import javafx.scene.layout.*;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.util.Duration;
import javafx.scene.chart.*;
/**
 * 系统监控图形界面（JavaFX实现）
 */
public class MonitorGUI extends Application {
    private SystemMonitor monitor = new SystemMonitor();
    private Label cpuLabel, memoryLabel, diskLabel;
    private ProgressBar cpuBar, memoryBar, diskBar;
    private LineChart<String, Number> cpuChart;
    private XYChart.Series<String, Number> cpuSeries;
    private int timeCounter = 0;
    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) {
        stage.setTitle("系统监控器");
        // 创建主布局
        BorderPane root = new BorderPane();
        root.setPadding(new Insets(10));
        // 顶部标题栏
        Label titleLabel = new Label("系统资源监控");
        titleLabel.setStyle("-fx-font-size: 20px; -fx-font-weight: bold;");
        root.setTop(titleLabel);
        // 中部图表区域
        VBox centerBox = new VBox(10);
        centerBox.getChildren().addAll(createServerInfoPanel(), createChartPanel());
        root.setCenter(centerBox);
        // 底部实时信息
        root.setBottom(createStatusBar());
        // 启动实时更新
        startMonitoring();
        Scene scene = new Scene(root, 800, 600);
        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }
    private GridPane createServerInfoPanel() {
        GridPane grid = new GridPane();
        grid.setHgap(10);
        grid.setVgap(10);
        grid.setPadding(new Insets(10));
        // CPU
        grid.add(new Label("CPU使用率:"), 0, 0);
        cpuBar = new ProgressBar();
        cpuBar.setPrefWidth(200);
        grid.add(cpuBar, 1, 0);
        cpuLabel = new Label("0%");
        grid.add(cpuLabel, 2, 0);
        // 内存
        grid.add(new Label("内存使用率:"), 0, 1);
        memoryBar = new ProgressBar();
        memoryBar.setPrefWidth(200);
        grid.add(memoryBar, 1, 1);
        memoryLabel = new Label("0%");
        grid.add(memoryLabel, 2, 1);
        // 磁盘
        grid.add(new Label("磁盘使用率:"), 0, 2);
        diskBar = new ProgressBar();
        diskBar.setPrefWidth(200);
        grid.add(diskBar, 1, 2);
        diskLabel = new Label("0%");
        grid.add(diskLabel, 2, 2);
        return grid;
    }
    private VBox createChartPanel() {
        // 创建CPU使用率折线图
        CategoryAxis xAxis = new CategoryAxis();
        NumberAxis yAxis = new NumberAxis(0, 100, 10);
        cpuChart = new LineChart<>(xAxis, yAxis);
        cpuChart.setTitle("CPU使用率曲线");
        cpuChart.setPrefHeight(300);
        cpuSeries = new XYChart.Series<>();
        cpuSeries.setName("CPU使用率");
        cpuChart.getData().add(cpuSeries);
        VBox chartBox = new VBox(10);
        chartBox.setPadding(new Insets(10));
        chartBox.getChildren().add(cpuChart);
        return chartBox;
    }
    private HBox createStatusBar() {
        HBox statusBar = new HBox(10);
        statusBar.setPadding(new Insets(10));
        statusBar.setStyle("-fx-background-color: #f0f0f0;");
        Label statusLabel = new Label("系统状态:");
        Label statusValue = new Label("运行中");
        statusValue.setStyle("-fx-text-fill: green;");
        statusBar.getChildren().addAll(statusLabel, statusValue);
        return statusBar;
    }
    private void startMonitoring() {
        Timeline timeline = new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(2), event -> {
            updateMonitoringData();
        }));
        timeline.setCycleCount(Animation.INDEFINITE);
        timeline.play();
    }
    private void updateMonitoringData() {
        // 更新CPU信息
        double cpuUsage = monitor.getCpuUsage();
        cpuBar.setProgress(cpuUsage / 100.0);
        cpuLabel.setText(String.format("%.2f%%", cpuUsage));
        // 更新图表
        timeCounter++;
        cpuSeries.getData().add(new XYChart.Data<>(
            String.valueOf(timeCounter), cpuUsage));
        // 保留最近30个数据点
        if (cpuSeries.getData().size() > 30) {
            cpuSeries.getData().remove(0);
        }
        // 更新内存信息
        MemoryInfo memoryInfo = monitor.getMemoryInfo();
        double memoryUsage = memoryInfo.getUsedPercent();
        memoryBar.setProgress(memoryUsage / 100.0);
        memoryLabel.setText(String.format("%.2f%%", memoryUsage));
        // 更新磁盘信息
        List<DiskInfo> disks = monitor.getDiskInfo();
        if (!disks.isEmpty()) {
            double totalSpace = 0;
            double usedSpace = 0;
            for (DiskInfo disk : disks) {
                totalSpace += disk.getTotalSpace();
                usedSpace += disk.getUsedSpace();
            }
            double diskUsage = (usedSpace / totalSpace) * 100;
            diskBar.setProgress(diskUsage / 100.0);
            diskLabel.setText(String.format("%.2f%%", diskUsage));
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
}

项目配置文件

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
         http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>system-monitor</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.24</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JavaFX (用于GUI监控) -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
            <artifactId>javafx-controls</artifactId>
            <version>11.0.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JSON处理 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.13.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.7.0</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

使用示例

简单测试类

package com.monitor;
public class MonitorTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SystemMonitor monitor = new SystemMonitor();
        try {
            // 获取系统信息
            SystemInfo systemInfo = monitor.getSystemInfo();
            System.out.println("操作系统: " + systemInfo.getOsName() + " " + 
                             systemInfo.getOsVersion());
            System.out.println("CPU核心数: " + systemInfo.getCpuCores());
            System.out.println("主机名: " + systemInfo.getHostName());
            // 获取CPU使用率
            double cpuUsage = monitor.getCpuUsage();
            System.out.println("CPU使用率: " + cpuUsage + "%");
            // 获取内存信息
            MemoryInfo memoryInfo = monitor.getMemoryInfo();
            System.out.println("物理内存: " + 
                             formatSize(memoryInfo.getTotalMemory()));
            System.out.println("已用内存: " + 
                             formatSize(memoryInfo.getUsedMemory()));
            System.out.println("内存使用率: " + 
                             String.format("%.2f%%", memoryInfo.getUsedPercent()));
            // 获取磁盘信息
            List<DiskInfo> disks = monitor.getDiskInfo();
            for (DiskInfo disk : disks) {
                System.out.println("磁盘 " + disk.getPath() + ": " +
                                 formatSize(disk.getUsedSpace()) + " / " +
                                 formatSize(disk.getTotalSpace()));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    private static String formatSize(long size) {
        if (size >= 1024 * 1024 * 1024) {
            return String.format("%.2f GB", size / (1024.0 * 1024 * 1024));
        } else if (size >= 1024 * 1024) {
            return String.format("%.2f MB", size / (1024.0 * 1024));
        } else if (size >= 1024) {
            return String.format("%.2f KB", size / 1024.0);
        } else {
            return size + " B";
        }
    }
}

这个完整的系统监控案例包含了：

1. 核心监控功能：CPU、内存、磁盘、网络、进程监控
2. Web接口：RESTful API提供监控数据
3. 图形界面：JavaFX实现的实时监控面板
4. 扩展性：可以根据需要添加邮件告警、日志记录等功能

使用时只需运行主类或通过Web接口获取监控数据即可。