Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf案例

wen java案例 2026-08-10 175

本文目录导读：

项目结构
Maven依赖 (pom.xml)
配置文件 (application.yml)
主类 (ThymeleafApplication.java)
模型类
Service层
Controller层
Thymeleaf模板

我来为您提供一个完整的Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf的详细案例。

项目结构

spring-boot-thymeleaf-demo/
├── src/main/java/com/example/thymeleaf/
│   ├── ThymeleafApplication.java
│   ├── controller/
│   │   ├── UserController.java
│   │   └── PageController.java
│   ├── model/
│   │   ├── User.java
│   │   └── Product.java
│   └── service/
│       └── UserService.java
├── src/main/resources/
│   ├── static/
│   │   ├── css/
│   │   │   └── style.css
│   │   └── js/
│   │       └── main.js
│   ├── templates/
│   │   ├── index.html
│   │   ├── user/
│   │   │   ├── list.html
│   │   │   └── detail.html
│   │   └── fragments/
│   │       ├── header.html
│   │       └── footer.html
│   └── application.yml
└── pom.xml

Maven依赖 (pom.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
         http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.14</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-thymeleaf-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <name>spring-boot-thymeleaf-demo</name>
    <description>Spring Boot整合Thymeleaf示例</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Thymeleaf -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Thymeleaf extras（可选，用于更高级功能） -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Lombok（可选，用于简化代码） -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot DevTools（开发时热部署） -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

配置文件 (application.yml)

spring:
  application:
    name: spring-boot-thymeleaf-demo
  thymeleaf:
    # 模板缓存（开发环境设置为false）
    cache: false
    # 模板编码
    encoding: UTF-8
    # 模板模式
    mode: HTML
    # 模板前缀
    prefix: classpath:/templates/
    # 模板后缀
    suffix: .html
    # 检查模板是否存在
    check-template: true
    # 检查模板位置
    check-template-location: true
    # 是否启用模板引擎
    enabled: true
server:
  port: 8080

主类 (ThymeleafApplication.java)

package com.example.thymeleaf;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ThymeleafApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ThymeleafApplication.class, args);
    }
}

模型类

User.java

package com.example.thymeleaf.model;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.List;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private String email;
    private Integer age;
    private String role;
    private Boolean active;
    private LocalDateTime createdAt;
    private List<String> hobbies;
    public User(Long id, String name, String email, Integer age, String role, Boolean active) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.email = email;
        this.age = age;
        this.role = role;
        this.active = active;
        this.createdAt = LocalDateTime.now();
        this.hobbies = Arrays.asList("读书", "运动", "编程");
    }
}

Product.java

package com.example.thymeleaf.model;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Product {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private BigDecimal price;
    private Integer stock;
    private String category;
}

Service层

UserService.java

package com.example.thymeleaf.service;
import com.example.thymeleaf.model.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
@Service
public class UserService {
    private List<User> users = new ArrayList<>();
    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        User user1 = new User(1L, "张三", "zhangsan@example.com", 25, "管理员", true);
        user1.setCreatedAt(LocalDateTime.now().minusDays(10));
        user1.setHobbies(Arrays.asList("编程", "阅读", "游泳"));
        User user2 = new User(2L, "李四", "lisi@example.com", 30, "用户", true);
        user2.setCreatedAt(LocalDateTime.now().minusDays(5));
        user2.setHobbies(Arrays.asList("旅游", "摄影"));
        User user3 = new User(3L, "王五", "wangwu@example.com", 28, "用户", false);
        user3.setCreatedAt(LocalDateTime.now().minusDays(15));
        user3.setHobbies(Arrays.asList("游戏", "电影", "美食"));
        User user4 = new User(4L, "赵六", "zhaoliu@example.com", 35, "用户", true);
        user4.setCreatedAt(LocalDateTime.now().minusDays(1));
        user4.setHobbies(Arrays.asList("音乐", "舞蹈"));
        users.addAll(Arrays.asList(user1, user2, user3, user4));
    }
    public List<User> getAllUsers() {
        return users;
    }
    public Optional<User> getUserById(Long id) {
        return users.stream()
                .filter(user -> user.getId().equals(id))
                .findFirst();
    }
    public List<User> searchUsers(String keyword) {
        if (keyword == null || keyword.isEmpty()) {
            return users;
        }
        return users.stream()
                .filter(user -> user.getName().contains(keyword) || 
                               user.getEmail().contains(keyword))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }
    public void addUser(User user) {
        user.setId((long) (users.size() + 1));
        user.setCreatedAt(LocalDateTime.now());
        users.add(user);
    }
}

Controller层

PageController.java

package com.example.thymeleaf.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Controller
public class PageController {
    @GetMapping("/")
    public String index(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("title", "Spring Boot Thymeleaf 示例");
        model.addAttribute("message", "欢迎使用 Thymeleaf 模板引擎");
        model.addAttribute("currentYear", java.time.Year.now().getValue());
        return "index";
    }
    @GetMapping("/fragments")
    public String fragments(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("title", "Thymeleaf 片段示例");
        return "fragments-demo";
    }
    @GetMapping("/expressions")
    public String expressions(Model model) {
        // 字符串
        model.addAttribute("str1", "Hello");
        model.addAttribute("str2", "Thymeleaf");
        // 数字
        model.addAttribute("num1", 100);
        model.addAttribute("num2", 20);
        // 条件
        model.addAttribute("age", 25);
        model.addAttribute("isAdmin", true);
        // 空值测试
        model.addAttribute("nullValue", null);
        model.addAttribute("emptyString", "");
        // 列表
        List<String> fruits = Arrays.asList("苹果", "香蕉", "橙子", "葡萄");
        model.addAttribute("fruits", fruits);
        // Map
        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("key1", "value1");
        map.put("key2", "value2");
        model.addAttribute("map", map);
        return "expressions";
    }
}

UserController.java

package com.example.thymeleaf.controller;
import com.example.thymeleaf.model.User;
import com.example.thymeleaf.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/users")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @GetMapping
    public String list(@RequestParam(required = false) String keyword, Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("users", userService.searchUsers(keyword));
        model.addAttribute("keyword", keyword);
        model.addAttribute("totalUsers", userService.getAllUsers().size());
        model.addAttribute("activeUsers", userService.getAllUsers().stream()
                .filter(User::getActive).count());
        return "user/list";
    }
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public String detail(@PathVariable Long id, Model model) {
        userService.getUserById(id).ifPresent(user -> 
            model.addAttribute("user", user));
        return "user/detail";
    }
    @GetMapping("/add")
    public String addForm(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("user", new User());
        return "user/add";
    }
    @PostMapping("/add")
    public String addUser(@ModelAttribute User user) {
        userService.addUser(user);
        return "redirect:/users";
    }
    @GetMapping("/conditional")
    public String conditionalDemo(Model model) {
        List<User> users = userService.getAllUsers();
        model.addAttribute("users", users);
        // 单个用户对象用于条件判断
        model.addAttribute("adminUser", users.stream()
                .findFirst().orElse(null));
        return "user/conditional";
    }
    @GetMapping("/iteration")
    public String iterationDemo(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("users", userService.getAllUsers());
        return "user/iteration";
    }
}

Thymeleaf模板

templates/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">th:text="${title}">首页</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/css/style.css}">
</head>
<body>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/header :: header}"></div>
    <main class="container">
        <h1 th:text="${title}">Thymeleaf标题</h1>
        <p th:text="${message}">消息内容</p>
        <div class="card">
            <h2>Thymeleaf 功能列表</h2>
            <ul>
                <li><a th:href="@{/expressions}">表达式示例</a></li>
                <li><a th:href="@{/users}">用户列表（迭代与条件判断）</a></li>
                <li><a th:href="@{/fragments}">片段引用示例</a></li>
                <li><a th:href="@{/users/conditional}">条件判断示例</a></li>
                <li><a th:href="@{/users/iteration}">循环遍历示例</a></li>
                <li><a th:href="@{/users/add}">添加用户（表单处理）</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
        <footer>
            <p>&copy; <span th:text="${currentYear}">年份</span> Spring Boot Thymeleaf Demo</p>
        </footer>
    </main>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/footer :: footer}"></div>
</body>
</html>

templates/user/list.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">用户列表</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/css/style.css}">
</head>
<body>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/header :: header}"></div>
    <main class="container">
        <h1>用户列表</h1>
        <!-- 统计信息 -->
        <div class="stats">
            <div class="stat-item">
                <span>总用户数：</span>
                <strong th:text="${totalUsers}">0</strong>
            </div>
            <div class="stat-item">
                <span>活跃用户：</span>
                <strong th:text="${activeUsers}">0</strong>
            </div>
        </div>
        <!-- 搜索表单 -->
        <form th:action="@{/users}" method="get" class="search-form">
            <input type="text" name="keyword" th:value="${keyword}" placeholder="搜索用户名或邮箱...">
            <button type="submit">搜索</button>
            <a th:href="@{/users}" th:if="${keyword}">清除搜索</a>
        </form>
        <!-- 用户表格 -->
        <table class="table">
            <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>ID</th>
                    <th>姓名</th>
                    <th>邮箱</th>
                    <th>年龄</th>
                    <th>角色</th>
                    <th>状态</th>
                    <th>创建时间</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
                <!-- 空数据判断 -->
                <tr th:if="${#lists.isEmpty(users)}">
                    <td colspan="8" class="text-center">没有找到用户</td>
                </tr>
                <tr th:each="user, stat : ${users}" th:class="${stat.odd} ? 'odd' : 'even'">
                    <td th:text="${user.id}">1</td>
                    <td>
                        <a th:href="@{/users/{id}(id=${user.id})}" 
                           th:text="${user.name}">姓名</a>
                    </td>
                    <td th:text="${user.email}">邮箱</td>
                    <td th:text="${user.age}">年龄</td>
                    <td>
                        <span th:if="${user.role == '管理员'}" class="badge badge-warning"
                              th:text="${user.role}">角色</span>
                        <span th:unless="${user.role == '管理员'}" class="badge badge-info"
                              th:text="${user.role}">角色</span>
                    </td>
                    <td>
                        <span th:if="${user.active}" class="status-active">● 活跃</span>
                        <span th:unless="${user.active}" class="status-inactive">○ 禁用</span>
                    </td>
                    <td th:text="${#temporals.format(user.createdAt, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}">创建时间</td>
                    <td>
                        <a th:href="@{/users/{id}(id=${user.id})}" class="btn btn-small">详情</a>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </tbody>
        </table>
    </main>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/footer :: footer}"></div>
</body>
</html>

templates/user/detail.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">用户详情 - <span th:text="${user.name}">姓名</span></title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/css/style.css}">
</head>
<body>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/header :: header}"></div>
    <main class="container">
        <h1>用户详情</h1>
        <div th:if="${user}" class="user-detail">
            <h2 th:text="${user.name}">姓名</h2>
            <div class="detail-grid">
                <div class="detail-item">
                    <label>ID：</label>
                    <span th:text="${user.id}">1</span>
                </div>
                <div class="detail-item">
                    <label>邮箱：</label>
                    <span th:text="${user.email}">email@example.com</span>
                </div>
                <div class="detail-item">
                    <label>年龄：</label>
                    <span th:text="${user.age}">25</span>
                </div>
                <div class="detail-item">
                    <label>角色：</label>
                    <span th:text="${user.role}">用户</span>
                </div>
                <div class="detail-item">
                    <label>状态：</label>
                    <span th:if="${user.active}" class="status-active">活跃</span>
                    <span th:unless="${user.active}" class="status-inactive">禁用</span>
                </div>
                <div class="detail-item">
                    <label>创建时间：</label>
                    <span th:text="${#temporals.format(user.createdAt, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}">时间</span>
                </div>
            </div>
            <!-- 爱好列表 -->
            <div>
                <h3>个人爱好</h3>
                <ul>
                    <li th:each="hobby : ${user.hobbies}" th:text="${hobby}">爱好</li>
                </ul>
            </div>
            <div class="actions">
                <a th:href="@{/users}" class="btn">返回列表</a>
                <a th:href="@{/users/add}" class="btn btn-primary">添加用户</a>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div th:if="${user == null}" class="alert">
            未找到该用户
        </div>
    </main>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/footer :: footer}"></div>
</body>
</html>

templates/user/add.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">添加用户</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/css/style.css}">
</head>
<body>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/header :: header}"></div>
    <main class="container">
        <h1>添加用户</h1>
        <form th:action="@{/users/add}" th:object="${user}" method="post" class="form">
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>姓名：</label>
                <input type="text" th:field="*{name}" required>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>邮箱：</label>
                <input type="email" th:field="*{email}" required>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>年龄：</label>
                <input type="number" th:field="*{age}" min="1" max="120" required>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>角色：</label>
                <select th:field="*{role}">
                    <option value="用户">用户</option>
                    <option value="管理员">管理员</option>
                    <option value="审计员">审计员</option>
                </select>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>状态：</label>
                <input type="checkbox" th:field="*{active}">
                <span>启用</span>
            </div>
            <div class="form-actions">
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">保存</button>
                <a th:href="@{/users}" class="btn">取消</a>
            </div>
        </form>
    </main>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/footer :: footer}"></div>
</body>
</html>

templates/fragments/header.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">Header</title>
</head>
<body>
    <header th:fragment="header" class="header">
        <nav class="nav">
            <div class="nav-brand">
                <a th:href="@{/}">
                    <span class="brand-icon">🚀</span>
                    Spring Boot Demo
                </a>
            </div>
            <div class="nav-links">
                <a th:href="@{/}" th:classappend="${currentPage == 'home'} ? 'active'">首页</a>
                <a th:href="@{/users}" th:classappend="${currentPage == 'users'} ? 'active'">用户管理</a>
                <a th:href="@{/expressions}">表达式</a>
                <a th:href="@{/fragments}">片段</a>
            </div>
        </nav>
        <div th:if="${#authorization == null}" class="navbar-user">
            <span>欢迎访问</span>
        </div>
    </header>
</body>
</html>

templates/fragments/footer.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">Footer</title>
</head>
<body>
    <footer th:fragment="footer" class="footer">
        <div class="container">
            <p>&copy; <span th:text="${#temporals.year(#temporals.createNow())}">年份</span> 
               Spring Boot Thymeleaf Demo. All rights reserved.</p>
        </div>
    </footer>
</body>
</html>

templates/expressions.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">表达式示例</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/css/style.css}">
</head>
<body>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/header :: header}"></div>
    <main class="container">
        <h1>Thymeleaf 表达式示例</h1>
        <!-- 变量表达式 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>变量表达式 ${...}</h2>
            <p>字符串1：<span th:text="${str1}">str1</span></p>
            <p>字符串2：<span th:text="${str2}">str2</span></p>
            <p>数字1：<span th:text="${num1}">100</span></p>
            <p>数字2：<span th:text="${num2}">20</span></p>
        </div>
        <!-- 选择表达式 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>选择表达式 *{...} 结合 th:object</h2>
            <div th:object="${user != null} ? ${user} : null">
                <!-- 这里使用 *{} 访问 user 的属性 -->
                <p>名称：<span th:text="*{name}">名称</span></p>
            </div>
            <div th:with="user=${users != null && !#lists.isEmpty(users)} ? ${users[0]} : null"
                 th:object="${user}">
                <p>名称（通过object）：<span th:text="*{name}">名称</span></p>
            </div>
        </div>
        <!-- URL表达式 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>URL表达式 @{...}</h2>
            <ul>
                <li><a th:href="@{/}">首页</a></li>
                <li><a th:href="@{/users}">用户列表</a></li>
                <li><a th:href="@{/users/{id}(id=1)}">用户详情</a></li>
                <li><a th:href="@{/users/page(p=0,s=10)}">带参数链接</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
        <!-- 条件判断 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>条件运算</h2>
            <p>三目运算：<span th:text="${age >= 18} ? '成年人' : '未成年人'">判断结果</span></p>
            <p>空安全运算符 (?:)：<span th:text="${nullValue ?: '默认值'}">默认值</span></p>
            <p>判断空字符串：<span th:if="${#strings.isEmpty(emptyString)}">空字符串</span></p>
        </div>
        <!-- 内联表达式 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>内联表达式</h2>
            <p th:inline="text">你好，[[${str1}]] [[${str2}]]！</p>
            <p th:inline="css">[[${str1}]]</p>
        </div>
        <!-- 运算示例 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>数学运算</h2>
            <p>加法：<span th:text="${num1} + ${num2}">结果</span></p>
            <p>减法：<span th:text="${num1} - ${num2}">结果</span></p>
            <p>乘法：<span th:text="${num1} * ${num2}">结果</span></p>
            <p>除法：<span th:text="${num1} / ${num2}">结果</span></p>
            <p>取模：<span th:text="${num1} % ${num2}">结果</span></p>
        </div>
        <!-- 列表操作 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>集合操作</h2>
            <ul>
                <li th:each="fruit, stat : ${fruits}" 
                    th:with="fruitInfo=${fruit}">
                    <span th:text="${fruit}">水果</span>
                    <span th:text="'(' + ${stat.index} + ')'" th:if="${stat.first}">（第一个）</span>
                    <span th:text="'(' + ${stat.count} + ')'" th:unless="${stat.first}">（其他）</span>
                </li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </main>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/footer :: footer}"></div>
</body>
</html>

templates/user/conditional.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">条件判断示例</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/css/style.css}">
</head>
<body>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/header :: header}"></div>
    <main class="container">
        <h1>Thymeleaf 条件判断示例</h1>
        <!-- 基本条件判断 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>基本 if/unless</h2>
            <div th:if="${adminUser != null}">
                <p>管理员信息：<span th:text="${adminUser.name}">名称</span></p>
            </div>
            <div th:unless="${adminUser == null}">
                <p>当前有管理员用户</p>
            </div>
        </div>
        <!-- switch-case -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>switch-case 示例</h2>
            <div th:switch="${adminUser.role}">
                <p th:case="'管理员'" th:text="'角色：' + ${adminUser.role}">管理员</p>
                <p th:case="'用户'" th:text="'角色：' + ${adminUser.role}">用户</p>
                <p th:case="*" th:text="'未知角色：' + ${adminUser.role}">其他角色</p>
            </div>
        </div>
        <!-- 列表条件判断 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>结合循环的条件判断</h2>
            <table class="table">
                <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th>姓名</th>
                        <th>角色</th>
                        <th>状态</th>
                        <th>年龄判断</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                    <tr th:each="user : ${users}">
                        <td th:text="${user.name}">姓名</td>
                        <td>
                            <span th:switch="${user.role}">
                                <span th:case="'管理员'" class="badge badge-danger" th:text="${user.role}">管理员</span>
                                <span th:case="'用户'" class="badge badge-info" th:text="${user.role}">用户</span>
                                <span th:case="*" th:text="${user.role}">其他</span>
                            </span>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <span th:if="${user.active}" class="text-success">✅ 激活</span>
                            <span th:if="${!user.active}" class="text-danger">❌ 禁止</span>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <span th:if="${user.age >= 30}" th:text="'30岁以上的用户'">>=30</span>
                            <span th:if="${user.age >= 25 && user.age < 30}" th:text="'25-29岁'">25-29</span>
                            <span th:if="${user.age < 25}" th:text="'25岁以下'">&lt;25</span>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
        <!-- 空值判断 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>空值判断</h2>
            <p th:if="${#lists.isEmpty(users)}">用户列表为空</p>
            <p th:if="${!#lists.isEmpty(users)}">用户列表不为空</p>
        </div>
    </main>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/footer :: footer}"></div>
</body>
</html>

templates/user/iteration.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">循环遍历示例</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/css/style.css}">
</head>
<body>
    <div th:replace="~{fragments/header :: header}"></div>
    <main class="container">
        <h1>Thymeleaf 循环遍历示例</h1>
        <!-- 基本循环 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>基本循环遍历</h2>
            <h3>用户列表：</h3>
            <ul>
                <li th:each="user : ${users}" 
                    th:text="${user.name} + ' - ' + ${user.email}">
                    用户信息
                </li>
            </ul>
        </div>
        <!-- 带状态的循环 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>带循环状态的遍历</h2>
            <ul>
                <li th:each="user, stat : ${users}">
                    <div class="user-item">
                        <span class="index" th:text="'#' + ${stat.index}">索引</span>
                        <span th:text="${user.name}">姓名</span>
                        <span class="badge" 
                              th:if="${stat.first}" 
                              th:text="'(第一个)'">第一个</span>
                        <span class="badge" 
                              th:if="${stat.last}" 
                              th:text="'(最后一个)'">最后一个</span>
                        <span class="badge badge-odd" 
                              th:if="${stat.odd}" 
                              th:text="'(奇数')">奇数</span>
                        <span class="badge badge-even" 
                              th:if="${stat.even}" 
                              th:text="'(偶数)'">偶数</span>
                        <span th:text="'大小：' + ${stat.size}">大小</span>
                    </div>
                </li>
            </ul>
        </div>
        <!-- 循环属性访问 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>搭配条件和状态的操作</h2>
            <table class="table">
                <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th>#</th>
                        <th>姓名</th>
                        <th>角色</th>
                        <th>状态</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                    <tr th:each="user, rowStat : ${users}" 
                        th:class="${rowStat.odd} ? 'row-odd' : 'row-even'">
                        <td th:text="${rowStat.count}">序号</td>
                        <td th:text="${user.name}">姓名</td>
                        <td>
                            <span th:text="${user.role}">角色</span>
                            <span th:if="${user.role == '管理员'}" class="badge">⭐ 管理员</span>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <span th:text="${user.active ? '活跃' : '禁止'}">状态</span>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
        <!-- 嵌套循环 -->
        <div class="card">
            <h2>嵌套循环示例</h2>
            <div th:each="user : ${users}">
                <strong th:text="${user.name} + ' 的爱好：'">爱好</strong>
                <ul>
                    <li th:each="hobby : ${user.hobbies}" th:text="${hobby}">爱好</li>
                </ul>
                <hr

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