ThinkPHP项目Docker环境配置

wen PHP项目 2026-08-12 164

本文目录导读：

项目结构
Docker Compose 配置
PHP Dockerfile
Nginx 配置
MySQL 配置
Redis 配置
环境变量文件 (.env)
.dockerignore
使用说明
常见问题解决

我来为您提供一份完整的ThinkPHP项目Docker环境配置方案。

项目结构

thinkphp-docker/
├── docker/
│   ├── php/
│   │   └── Dockerfile
│   ├── nginx/
│   │   ├── Dockerfile
│   │   └── conf.d/
│   │       └── default.conf
│   └── mysql/
│       └── conf/
│           └── my.cnf
├── docker-compose.yml
├── .env
└── .dockerignore

Docker Compose 配置

docker-compose.yml

version: '3.8'
services:
  # PHP-FPM 服务
  php:
    build:
      context: ./docker/php
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    container_name: tp_php
    restart: always
    working_dir: /var/www/html
    volumes:
      - ./source:/var/www/html
      - ./docker/php/php.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/php.ini
      - ./docker/php/www.conf:/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
    environment:
      - PHP_IDE_CONFIG=serverName=ThinkPHP
    networks:
      - tp_network
    depends_on:
      - mysql
      - redis
  # Nginx 服务
  nginx:
    image: nginx:latest
    container_name: tp_nginx
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "${NGINX_PORT:-80}:80"
      - "${NGINX_HTTPS_PORT:-443}:443"
    volumes:
      - ./source:/var/www/html
      - ./docker/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
      - ./docker/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
      - ./docker/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx
    networks:
      - tp_network
    depends_on:
      - php
  # MySQL 服务
  mysql:
    image: mysql:8.0
    container_name: tp_mysql
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "${MYSQL_PORT:-3306}:3306"
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=${MYSQL_DATABASE}
      - MYSQL_USER=${MYSQL_USER}
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_PASSWORD}
    volumes:
      - mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql
      - ./docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d
      - ./docker/mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
    networks:
      - tp_network
  # Redis 服务
  redis:
    image: redis:7-alpine
    container_name: tp_redis
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "${REDIS_PORT:-6379}:6379"
    volumes:
      - redis_data:/data
      - ./docker/redis/conf:/usr/local/etc/redis
    command: redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
    networks:
      - tp_network
  # Composer 服务（编译用）
  composer:
    image: composer:2
    container_name: tp_composer
    restart: "no"
    volumes:
      - ./source:/app
    working_dir: /app
    networks:
      - tp_network
    command: install --prefer-dist --no-dev
  # PHPMyAdmin（开发环境可选）
  phpmyadmin:
    image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
    container_name: tp_phpmyadmin
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "${PMA_PORT:-8080}:80"
    environment:
      - PMA_HOST=mysql
      - PMA_USER=root
      - PMA_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}
    networks:
      - tp_network
    depends_on:
      - mysql
    profiles:
      - dev
networks:
  tp_network:
    driver: bridge
volumes:
  mysql_data:
  redis_data:

PHP Dockerfile

docker/php/Dockerfile

FROM php:8.2-fpm
# 安装系统依赖
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    git \
    curl \
    libpng-dev \
    libonig-dev \
    libxml2-dev \
    libzip-dev \
    libfreetype6-dev \
    libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
    libmcrypt-dev \
    libcurl4-openssl-dev \
    libssl-dev \
    openssl \
    zip \
    unzip \
    nodejs \
    npm \
    build-essential \
    && docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype --with-jpeg \
    && docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) \
    pdo \
    pdo_mysql \
    mysqli \
    gd \
    mbstring \
    xml \
    exif \
    pcntl \
    bcmath \
    zip \
    opcache \
    && pecl install redis-5.3.7 \
    && docker-php-ext-enable redis \
    && pecl install swoole \
    && docker-php-ext-enable swoole \
    && apt-get clean \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# 安装 Composer
COPY --from=composer:2 /usr/bin/composer /usr/local/bin/composer
# 安装 Xdebug（开发环境）
RUN pecl install xdebug \
    && docker-php-ext-enable xdebug
# 设置工作目录
WORKDIR /var/www/html
# 复制配置文件
COPY ./php.ini /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/
COPY ./www.conf /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.d/
# 启动 php-fpm
CMD ["php-fpm"]
EXPOSE 9000

docker/php/php.ini

; 时区设置
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
; 内存限制
memory_limit = 512M
; 上传限制
upload_max_filesize = 100M
post_max_size = 100M
; 错误显示（开发环境）
display_errors = On
error_reporting = E_ALL
; 日志
log_errors = On
error_log = /var/log/php/error.log
; OPcache
opcache.enable = 1
opcache.memory_consumption = 128
opcache.interned_strings_buffer = 8
opcache.max_accelerated_files = 4000
opcache.validate_timestamps = 1
opcache.revalidate_freq = 0
; Xdebug 配置
xdebug.mode = debug
xdebug.start_with_request = yes
xdebug.idekey = PHPSTORM
xdebug.client_host = host.docker.internal
xdebug.client_port = 9000
; Swoole 配置
swoole.use_shortname = 'Off'

docker/php/www.conf

[www]
user = www-data
group = www-data
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data
listen.mode = 0660
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 20
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 15
pm.max_requests = 500
request_terminate_timeout = 60
request_slowlog_timeout = 10
slowlog = /var/log/php/slow.log
catch_workers_output = yes

Nginx 配置

docker/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name localhost;
    root /var/www/html/public;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;
    # 访问日志
    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
    # 静态文件缓存
    location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg)$ {
        expires 30d;
        add_header Cache-Control "public, no-transform";
    }
    # ThinkPHP 路由配置
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?s=$uri&$args;
    }
    # PHP 请求处理
    location ~ ^/index\.php(/|$) {
        fastcgi_pass php:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
        # ThinkPHP 相关参数
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
        fastcgi_param PHP_VALUE "auto_prepend_file=/var/www/html/public/index.php";
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
        fastcgi_read_timeout 600;
    }
    # 禁止访问其他 PHP 文件
    location ~ \.php$ {
        deny all;
        return 403;
    }
    # 静态资源目录
    location /static/ {
        alias /var/www/html/public/static/;
        expires 30d;
    }
    # 上传目录
    location /uploads/ {
        alias /var/www/html/public/uploads/;
        expires 7d;
    }
    # 禁止访问隐藏文件
    location ~ /\. {
        deny all;
        return 404;
    }
    # 错误页面
    error_page 404 /404.html;
    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
}

docker/nginx/nginx.conf

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections 2048;
    multi_accept on;
    use epoll;
}
http {
    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;
    log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;
    # 性能优化
    client_body_buffer_size 10K;
    client_header_buffer_size 1k;
    client_max_body_size 100m;
    large_client_header_buffers 2 1k;
    client_body_timeout 10;
    client_header_timeout 10;
    send_timeout 10;
    # gzip 压缩
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_disable "msie6";
    gzip_proxied any;
    gzip_comp_level 6;
    gzip_min_length 1100;
    gzip_buffers 16 8k;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css text/javascript 
               application/json application/javascript 
               application/xml application/xml+rss 
               image/svg+xml application/x-font-ttf;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

MySQL 配置

docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf

[mysqld]
# 字符集
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
# 时区
default-time-zone='+08:00'
# 性能优化
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
innodb_log_file_size = 100M
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_file_per_table = 1
# 连接数
max_connections = 200
max_allowed_packet = 64M
# 日志
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 2
[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

Redis 配置

docker/redis/conf/redis.conf

# 网络
bind 0.0.0.0
port 6379
protected-mode yes
# 持久化
appendonly yes
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
appendfsync everysec
# 内存管理
maxmemory 256mb
maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
# 安全
requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-}
# 日志
loglevel notice
logfile ""
# 快照配置
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000

环境变量文件 (.env)

# === NGINX ===
NGINX_PORT=80
NGINX_HTTPS_PORT=443
# === MySQL ===
MYSQL_PORT=3306
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root123456
MYSQL_DATABASE=thinkphp
MYSQL_USER=thinkphp
MYSQL_PASSWORD=thinkphp123
# === Redis ===
REDIS_PORT=6379
REDIS_PASSWORD=redis123
# === PHPMyAdmin ===
PMA_PORT=8080
# === PHP 配置 ===
PHP_VERSION=8.2

.dockerignore

.git
.gitignore
.idea
.vscode
node_modules
vendor
runtime
*.log
.env

使用说明

启动服务

# 构建并启动服务
docker-compose up -d
# 启动特定服务
docker-compose up -d php nginx mysql
# 查看日志
docker-compose logs -f php
# 停止服务
docker-compose down
# 重启服务
docker-compose restart

运行 Composer

# 安装依赖
docker-compose run --rm composer install
# 更新依赖
docker-compose run --rm composer update
# 执行特定命令
docker-compose run --rm composer dump-autoload

常用命令

# 进入 PHP 容器
docker-compose exec php bash
# 进入 MySQL 容器
docker-compose exec mysql mysql -u root -p
# 进入 Redis 容器
docker-compose exec redis redis-cli
# 查看所有容器状态
docker-compose ps
# 查看资源使用情况
docker stats

ThinkPHP 配置示例

// config/database.php
return [
    'default'     => 'mysql',
    'connections' => [
        'mysql' => [
            'type'      => 'mysql',
            'hostname'  => 'mysql',          // 服务名
            'database'  => 'thinkphp',
            'username'  => 'thinkphp',
            'password'  => 'thinkphp123',
            'hostport'  => '3306',
            'charset'   => 'utf8mb4',
            'prefix'    => '',
            'debug'     => true,
        ],
        'redis' => [
            'type'       => 'redis',
            'host'       => 'redis',          // 服务名
            'port'       => 6379,
            'password'   => 'redis123',
            'select'     => 0,
            'timeout'    => 0,
            'persistent' => false,
        ],
    ],
];

常见问题解决

权限问题

# 设置目录权限
chmod -R 777 source/runtime
chmod -R 777 source/public/uploads

连接数据库超时

# 检查 MySQL 健康状态
docker-compose exec mysql mysqladmin ping -h localhost

Xdebug 调试配置

在 PHPStorm 中配置：

Server Name: ThinkPHP
Host: localhost
Port: 80
Debugger: Xdebug
映射路径: 项目路径

这样配置可以确保您的ThinkPHP项目在Docker环境中顺畅运行，并方便开发和调试，如有特殊需求,可根据实际情况调整配置。

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