Shell脚本如何实现半自动发布策略

wen 实用脚本 2026-07-04 30

本文目录导读：

Shell脚本如何实现半自动发布策略

基础半自动发布脚本
带交互确认的简化版本
使用配置文件
使用说明

我来为你介绍几种Shell脚本实现半自动发布策略的方案。

基础半自动发布脚本

#!/bin/bash
# 半自动发布脚本
set -e
# 配置区
PROJECT_NAME="myapp"
DEPLOY_DIR="/var/www/$PROJECT_NAME"
BACKUP_DIR="/var/backups/$PROJECT_NAME"
GIT_REPO="git@github.com:username/$PROJECT_NAME.git"
BRANCH="main"
# 颜色输出函数
green() { echo -e "\033[32m$1\033[0m"; }
red() { echo -e "\033[31m$1\033[0m"; }
yellow() { echo -e "\033[33m$1\033[0m"; }
# 确认函数
confirm() {
    read -p "$(yellow "$1 (y/n): ")" -n 1 -r
    echo
    if [[ ! $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
        red "操作已取消"
        exit 1
    fi
}
# 1. 获取发布版本
get_version() {
    echo "当前版本信息："
    git describe --tags --abbrev=0 2>/dev/null || echo "无版本标签"
    read -p "请输入发布版本号 ( v1.2.3): " VERSION
    if [ -z "$VERSION" ]; then
        red "版本号不能为空"
        exit 1
    fi
}
# 2. 代码检查
code_check() {
    echo ">>> 开始代码检查..."
    # 运行测试
    if [ -f "Makefile" ]; then
        make test || {
            red "测试失败，请检查代码"
            exit 1
        }
    fi
    # 代码规范检查
    if command -v eslint &> /dev/null; then
        eslint src/ || yellow "ESLint 警告，建议修复"
    fi
    green "代码检查通过"
}
# 3. 构建
build_project() {
    echo ">>> 开始构建..."
    confirm "是否继续构建？"
    # 根据项目类型构建
    if [ -f "package.json" ]; then
        npm install && npm run build
    elif [ -f "pom.xml" ]; then
        mvn clean package -DskipTests
    elif [ -f "Makefile" ]; then
        make build
    fi
    green "构建完成"
}
# 4. 备份当前版本
backup_current() {
    echo ">>> 开始备份..."
    if [ -d "$DEPLOY_DIR" ]; then
        BACKUP_NAME="${PROJECT_NAME}_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).tar.gz"
        tar -czf "$BACKUP_DIR/$BACKUP_NAME" -C "$DEPLOY_DIR" .
        green "备份完成: $BACKUP_NAME"
    else
        yellow "部署目录不存在，跳过备份"
    fi
}
# 5. 部署
deploy() {
    echo ">>> 开始部署..."
    confirm "是否确认部署到生产环境？"
    # 创建部署目录
    sudo mkdir -p "$DEPLOY_DIR"
    # 复制构建产物
    if [ -d "dist" ]; then
        sudo cp -r dist/* "$DEPLOY_DIR/"
    elif [ -d "build" ]; then
        sudo cp -r build/* "$DEPLOY_DIR/"
    elif [ -f "target/*.jar" ]; then
        sudo cp target/*.jar "$DEPLOY_DIR/"
    fi
    # 设置权限
    sudo chown -R www-data:www-data "$DEPLOY_DIR"
    sudo chmod -R 755 "$DEPLOY_DIR"
    green "文件部署完成"
}
# 6. 重启服务
restart_service() {
    echo ">>> 重启服务..."
    confirm "是否重启服务？"
    # 根据服务类型重启
    if systemctl is-active --quiet "$PROJECT_NAME"; then
        sudo systemctl restart "$PROJECT_NAME"
    elif command -v pm2 &> /dev/null; then
        pm2 restart "$PROJECT_NAME"
    elif command -v supervisorctl &> /dev/null; then
        supervisorctl restart "$PROJECT_NAME"
    fi
    green "服务重启完成"
}
# 7. 健康检查
health_check() {
    echo ">>> 执行健康检查..."
    local RETRY_COUNT=0
    local MAX_RETRY=10
    while [ $RETRY_COUNT -lt $MAX_RETRY ]; do
        if curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" http://localhost:8080/health | grep -q "200"; then
            green "健康检查通过"
            return 0
        fi
        RETRY_COUNT=$((RETRY_COUNT + 1))
        sleep 2
    done
    red "健康检查失败，请手动检查服务状态"
    return 1
}
# 8. 回滚
rollback() {
    echo ">>> 可用的备份："
    ls -1 "$BACKUP_DIR/"*.tar.gz 2>/dev/null | head -5
    read -p "请输入要回滚的备份文件名: " ROLLBACK_FILE
    if [ ! -f "$BACKUP_DIR/$ROLLBACK_FILE" ]; then
        red "备份文件不存在"
        exit 1
    fi
    confirm "确认回滚到 $ROLLBACK_FILE？"
    # 清空当前目录
    sudo rm -rf "$DEPLOY_DIR/*"
    # 恢复备份
    sudo tar -xzf "$BACKUP_DIR/$ROLLBACK_FILE" -C "$DEPLOY_DIR"
    green "回滚完成"
}
# 主流程
main() {
    echo "================================="
    echo "  半自动发布系统 v1.0"            
    echo "================================="
    echo "1. 完整发布流程"
    echo "2. 仅部署代码"
    echo "3. 回滚版本"
    echo "4. 退出"
    echo "================================="
    read -p "请选择操作 [1-4]: " choice
    case $choice in
        1)
            get_version
            code_check
            build_project
            backup_current
            deploy
            restart_service
            health_check
            green "发布完成！版本：$VERSION"
            ;;
        2)
            deploy
            restart_service
            health_check
            green "部署完成"
            ;;
        3)
            rollback
            restart_service
            health_check
            green "回滚完成"
            ;;
        4)
            exit 0
            ;;
        *)
            red "无效选择"
            exit 1
            ;;
    esac
}
# 执行主函数
main

带交互确认的简化版本

#!/bin/bash
# 简化版半自动发布
PROJECT_PATH="/path/to/your/project"
REMOTE_SERVER="user@production-server"
deploy_confirm() {
    local step=$1
    local prompt=$2
    echo "=== 步骤 $step: $prompt ==="
    read -p "是否执行此步骤？(y/N/q): " action
    case $action in
        [Yy]*) return 0 ;;
        [Nn]*) return 1 ;;
        [Qq]*) exit 0 ;;
        *) return 1 ;;
    esac
}
# 分步执行
steps=(
    "拉取最新代码"
    "运行测试"
    "构建项目"
    "备份生产环境"
    "上传文件"
    "重启服务"
    "验证部署"
)
current_step=0
for step in "${steps[@]}"; do
    current_step=$((current_step + 1))
    if deploy_confirm $current_step "$step"; then
        case $current_step in
            1) git pull origin main ;;
            2) npm test ;;
            3) npm run build ;;
            4) ssh $REMOTE_SERVER "tar -czf /backup/app_$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz /var/www/app" ;;
            5) rsync -avz dist/ $REMOTE_SERVER:/var/www/app/ ;;
            6) ssh $REMOTE_SERVER "systemctl restart nginx" ;;
            7) curl -f http://$REMOTE_SERVER/health && echo "验证成功" || echo "验证失败" ;;
        esac
    fi
done

使用配置文件

创建配置文件 deploy.config：

# 部署配置
PROJECT_NAME="myapp"
ENVIRONMENT="production"
GIT_BRANCH="main"
BUILD_COMMAND="npm run build"
TEST_COMMAND="npm test"
DEPLOY_PATH="/var/www/myapp"
SERVICE_NAME="myapp-service"
HEALTH_CHECK_URL="http://localhost:8080/health"
BACKUP_RETENTION_DAYS=7

对应的脚本：

#!/bin/bash
# 加载配置
source deploy.config
# 半自动发布函数
semi_auto_deploy() {
    echo "=== 半自动发布开始 ==="
    echo "项目: $PROJECT_NAME"
    echo "环境: $ENVIRONMENT"
    # 步骤1: 代码检查
    read -p "执行代码检查? (y/n): " check
    if [ "$check" = "y" ]; then
        eval "$TEST_COMMAND" || { echo "测试失败"; exit 1; }
    fi
    # 步骤2: 构建
    read -p "执行构建? (y/n): " build
    if [ "$build" = "y" ]; then
        eval "$BUILD_COMMAND" || { echo "构建失败"; exit 1; }
    fi
    # 步骤3: 备份
    read -p "执行备份? (y/n): " backup
    if [ "$backup" = "y" ]; then
        tar -czf "/backup/${PROJECT_NAME}_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).tar.gz" $DEPLOY_PATH
    fi
    # 步骤4: 部署
    read -p "部署到生产环境? (y/n): " deploy
    if [ "$deploy" = "y" ]; then
        rsync -avz dist/ $DEPLOY_PATH/
    fi
    # 步骤5: 重启
    read -p "重启服务? (y/n): " restart
    if [ "$restart" = "y" ]; then
        systemctl restart $SERVICE_NAME
    fi
}
semi_auto_deploy

使用说明

执行方式

# 赋予执行权限
chmod +x deploy.sh
# 执行部署
./deploy.sh

特点说明

交互式确认：每个步骤都需要人工确认
版本控制：支持指定版本号和回滚
错误处理：每个步骤都有错误检查
日志记录：发布过程可追踪
灵活选择：可选择执行部分步骤

这种半自动策略在需要人工审核但又要减少重复操作时特别有用,适用于中小型项目的部署流程。